Author, year, country	Study design	Maternal characteristics			Offspring			Reason of exclusion
		Age (year)	Sample size	Assessment	Age (year)	Outcome
						Unadjusted for offspring's anthropometry	Adjusted for offspring's anthropometry
Bucci et al., 2016, Finland	Retrospective cohort	22–34 (range)	17	Maternal groups based on BMI prior to delivery: ≥28.1 vs. ≤26.3	71.5 ± 0.9 (mean ± SD)	Higher level of: Insulin glucose muscle insulin sensitivity*	—	BMI assessed only prior to delivery
Eriksson et al., 2014, The Netherlands	Retrospective cohort	22–34 (range)	13,345	Maternal groups based on BMI prior to delivery: ≥28 vs. ≤24	56–70 (range)	Higher OR for diagnosed diabetes mellitus Type 2*	‐	BMI assessed only prior to delivery
Mi et al., 2000, China	Prospective cohort	22–33 (range)	627	BMI as continuous variable	43–46 (range)	—	Negative regression coefficient for glucose insulin*	BMI assessed only at 15th and 38th weeks of gestation
Shaikh et al., 2015, Pakistan	Cross‐sectional	25.23 ± 3.68 (mean ± SD)	24	Maternal groups based on BMI in the third trimester: <22 vs. >23	Newborn	Higher level of insulin glucose* HOMA‐IR	—	BMI assessed between 28 and 40 weeks of gestation
Veena et al., 2013, India	Prospective cohort	23.5 ± 4.0 (mean ± SD)	504	BMI at 30th week of gestation as continuous variable	9.5	Positive sdr regression coefficient for insulin* glucose	Positive sdr regression coefficient for insulin HOMA‐IR negative regression coefficient for glucose	BMI assessed only at 30th week of gestation

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HOMA‐IR, Homeostatic Measurement Assessment for Insulin Resistance; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; sdr, standardized.

^* p < 0.05.