Table 3.

Risk factors of psychological distress and sleep problems (stratified by area or status) by multivariate analyses.

Area	Scale	Variables	OR	95% CI	p
Stratified by area
Area I	GAD-7	Age 35–49 years	2.042	1.131–3.257	0.029
		Frontline medical staff	4.016	2.137–6.271	0.002
		Close contacts a	1.808	1.115–2.539	0.017
Area IV	GAD-7	Age 35–49 years	1.263	1.026–1.329	0.024
		Frontline medical staff	2.782	1.384–3.873	0.003
	PHQ-9	Age 35–49 years	1.253	1.083–1.582	0.015
		No outside activity for 2 weeks	2.173	1.482–2.934	0.009
Stratified by status
S3	ISI	Area I	2.053	1.259–3.383	0.016
		Similar memory of SARS only	1.933	1.026–2.365	0.023
S6	GAD-7	Area I	2.229	2.068–2.475	0.029
		Age 35–49 years	1.424	1.192–1.986	0.016
	PHQ-9	Age 35–49 years	1.177	1.012–1.229	0.044
		No outside activity for 2 weeks	2.091	1.825–2.428	0.020

Adjusted for all other variables. The contrast was set as indicator determined by the group with lowest prevalence of anxiety, depression, or insomnia to explore the risk factors.

Abbreviations: GAD-7, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale; ISI, the Insomnia Severity Index; PHQ-9, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9; S3, Suspected infection; S4, Close contacts (Except frontline medical staff); S6, Others; SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome, outbreak in 2003, China.

^aExcept for frontline medical staff.