3D	three-dimensional
ACM	arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy
AF	atrial fibrillation
Ang II	angiotensin II
ANP	atrial natriuretic peptide
BMC	buccal mucosa cell
BMP2	bone morphogenetic protein 2
BNP	B-type natriuretic peptide
CaMK II	Ca++/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II
cAMP	cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CASM	smooth muscle cells from coronary artery
CAVD	calcific aortic valve disease
C-kit	KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine-protein kinase
CM	cardiomyocyte
CMPC	cardiac mesenchymal progenitor cell
C-MSC	cardiac mesenchymal stromal cell
CRP	C-reactive protein
CTEPH	chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
CVD	cardiovascular disease
Cx40	connexin 40
Cx43	connexin 43
EC	endothelial cell
ECM	extracellular matrix
ERBB	erythroblastic oncogene B
ERK1/2	extracellular signal-regulated kinase ½
ESC	embryonic stem cell
FAP	fibro/adipocyte progenitor
FBS	fetal bovine serum
FD	Fabry disease
Gb3	globotriaosylceramide
GLA	α-galactosidase A
GSK3β	glycogen synthase kinase 3β
GTPase RhoA	GTPase Ras homolog family member A
HAEC	human aortic endothelial cell
HA-VSMC	human aortic vascular smooth muscle cell
HCM	hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
HCN4	potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4
hCPC	human cardiac progenitor cell
HDL	high density lipoprotein
HEK	human embryonic kidney
hESC	human embryonic stem cell
hiPSC	human induced pluripotent stem cell
HLA-DR	human leukocyte antigen—DR isotype
HMGB1	high-mobility group box-1
HUVEC	human umbilical vein endothelial cell
ICAM1	intercellular adhesion molecules 1
IHF	ischemic heart failure
IK1	inward rectifier K+ current
IKUR	ultra-rapid delayed rectifier K+ current
iPSC	induced pluripotent stem cell
IR	ischemia/reperfusion
Iso	isoproterenol hydrochloride
Ito	transient outward K+ current
JNK	c-Jun-N-terminal kinase
LDL	low-density lipoproteins
LOX1	lectin-like oxLDL receptor 1
LQT	long QT syndrome
MI	myocardial infarction
miR-133	microRNA-133
MMP	matrix metalloproteinase
MSC	mesenchymal stromal cell
mTOR	target of rapamycin
MYH11	myosin heavy chain-11
MYH7	myosin heavy chain-7
MYL2	myosin light chain-2
NANOG	homeobox protein NANOG
NCSC	neural crest stem cell
NF-κB	nuclear factor k-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NRG	neuregulin
Oct-4	octamer-binding transcription factor 4
OOC	organ-on-a-chip
p38-MAPK	p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
PAEC	pulmonary arterial endothelial cell
PASMC	pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells
PDGF	platelet-derived growth factor
PDGFRα	platelet-derived growth factor receptor α
PDMS	polydimethylsiloxane
PG	plakoglobin
PGA	polyglycolic acid
PKC-α	protein kinase C-α
PLA	polylactide acid
PMC	paraxial mesoderm cell
PQQ	pyrroloquinoline quinone
PRR	pro-renin receptor
RAS	renin-angiotensin system
ROS	reactive oxygen species
RyR	ryanodine receptor
S1PR1	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1
Sox2	sex determining region Y-box 2
SSEA-4	stage-specific embryonic antigen 4
SVSM	smooth muscle cells from saphenous vein
TdP	torsade de pointes
TGF-β	transforming growth factor β
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-α
TNNT2	troponin 2
VCAM1	vascular cell adhesion protein 1
VSMC	vascular smooth muscle cell
WT	wild type
YAP1	yes-associated protein 1
β1AR	β1-adrenergic receptor
β-MHC	β-myosin heavy chain