Table 1.
Demographics and laboratory data at admission of patients infected with COVID-19 according to the time to SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance
| Overall (N = 684) | ≤ 14 days (N = 202) | 14–28 days (N = 210) | > 28 days (N = 272) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics, clinical characteristics | |||||
| Age (years) | 61.0 [49.0, 70.0] | 62.0 [48.0, 71.0] | 60.5 [49.3, 70.0] | 61.5 [51.0, 70.3] | 0.733 |
| Gender (%) | 0.841 | ||||
| Male | 328 (48.0) | 98 (48.5) | 103 (49.3) | 127 (46.7) | |
| Female | 355 (52.0) | 104 (51.5) | 106 (50.7) | 145 (53.3) | |
| Clinical type (%) | 0.009 | ||||
| Mild | 26 (3.9) | 16 (8.0) | 7 (3.4) | 3 (1.1) | |
| General | 464 (69.3) | 140 (70.0) | 141 (69.1) | 183 (68.8) | |
| Severe | 145 (21.6) | 36 (18.0) | 44 (21.6) | 65 (24.4) | |
| Critical | 35 (5.2) | 8 (4.0) | 12 (5.9) | 15 (5.6) | |
| Hypertension (%) | 235 (35.0) | 67 (34.0) | 70 (33.8) | 98 (36.6) | 0.778 |
| CHD (%) | 75 (11.2) | 22 (11.2) | 25 (12.1) | 28 (10.4) | 0.855 |
| CRF (%) | 16 (2.4) | 3 (1.5) | 7 (3.4) | 6 (2.2) | 0.467 |
| DM (%) | 111 (16.5) | 30 (15.2) | 36 (17.5) | 45 (16.8) | 0.824 |
| COPD (%) | 13 (1.9) | 3 (1.5) | 3 (1.4) | 7 (2.6) | 0.588 |
| Cirrhosis (%) | 3 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.5) | 2 (0.7) | 0.492 |
| Stroke (%) | 45 (6.7) | 14 (7.1) | 14 (6.8) | 17 (6.3) | 0.943 |
| Tumor (%) | 23 (3.4) | 5 (2.6) | 5 (2.4) | 13 (4.9) | 0.257 |
| Inflammatory response, median (IQR) | |||||
| CRP (mg/L) | 7.39 [0.50, 28.25] | 8.63 [1.04, 16.33] | 5.79 [0.50, 28.80] | 5.13 [0.50, 62.39] | 0.968 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 6.00 [2.25, 21.00] | 6.00 [3.00, 19.50] | 7.50 [2.00, 26.25] | 6.00 [3.00, 20.50] | 0.943 |
| Fib (g/L) | 4.82 [3.68, 11.90] | 4.46 [3.58, 11.72] | 5.50 [3.65, 11.98] | 6.71 [4.08, 13.60] | 0.19 |
| WBC (109/L) | 5.59 [4.46, 7.06] | 5.60 [4.47, 6.79] | 5.51 [4.52, 7.12] | 5.33 [4.38, 7.83] | 0.962 |
| Neutrophil (109/L) | 3.33 [2.44, 4.76] | 3.33 [2.49, 4.51] | 3.31 [2.42, 4.85] | 3.67 [2.41, 5.83] | 0.618 |
| Monocyte (109/L) | 0.46 [0.34, 0.60] | 0.45 [0.35, 0.59] | 0.46 [0.34, 0.61] | 0.47 [0.35, 0.58] | 0.970 |
| Lymphocyte (109/L) | 1.27 [0.88, 1.81] | 1.29 [0.94, 1.86] | 1.29 [0.95, 1.73] | 1.00 [0.72, 1.67] | 0.204 |
| PLT (109/L) | 203 [158, 249] | 209 [156, 267] | 196 [158, 241] | 189 [148, 244] | 0.209 |
| Hb (g/L) | 121 [108, 133] | 123 [109, 133] | 121 [110, 131] | 121 [103, 131] | 0.609 |
| CD3 (count/μL) | 8905 [474, 1212] | 916 [586, 1220] | 705 [423, 1224] | 497 [364, 684] | 0.115 |
| CD4 (count/μL) | 478 [269, 672] | 554 [319, 733] | 324 [190, 588] | 275 [154, 404] | 0.048 |
| CD8 (count/μL) | 248 [150, 374] | 291 [174, 400] | 229 [142, 367] | 167 [123, 211] | 0.112 |
| NK (count/μL) | 167 [103, 259] | 142 [91.0, 231] | 206 [141, 332] | 154 [91.8, 215] | 0.115 |
| B cell (count/μL) | 175 [104, 281] | 195 [131, 296] | 187 [91.0, 279] | 94.0 [72.8, 126] | 0.030 |
| Organ function measurement, median (IQR) | |||||
| ALT (U/L) | 27.0 [18.0, 41.0] | 26.0 [18.0, 40.5] | 29.0 [19.0, 43.0] | 27.0 [18.3, 38.3] | 0.679 |
| AST (U/L) | 22.0 [16.0, 36.5] | 20.0 [15.0, 36.0] | 23.0 [17.0, 37.0] | 23.0 [19.0, 39.0] | 0.314 |
| TBIL (μmol/L) | 11.2 [8.40, 14.0] | 11.3 [8.7, 14.0] | 11.0 [8.30, 13.0] | 11.1 [8.53, 15.8] | 0.731 |
| DBIL (μmol/L) | 2.80 [2.10, 3.70] | 2.70 [2.20, 3.60] | 3.00 [1.92, 3.68] | 2.90 [1.90, 4.40] | 0.935 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 61.0 [50.0, 75.0] | 61.0 [50.0, 78.5] | 60.0 [50.2, 74.7] | 60.0 [50.2, 72.5] | 0.694 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 4.60 [3.60, 5.80] | 4.40 [3.50, 5.80] | 4.60 [3.70, 5.50] | 4.50 [3.70, 5.80] | 0.794 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.10 [1.00, 1.35] | 1.00 [0.90, 1.30] | 1.10 [1.00, 1.30] | 1.10 [1.00, 1.60] | 0.395 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.60 [5.00, 6.62] | 5.55 [5.00, 6.32] | 5.60 [5.03, 7.62] | 5.30 [4.90, 6.95] | 0.431 |
| INR | 1.10 [1.00, 1.20] | 1.10 [1.00, 1.20] | 1.10 [1.00, 1.20] | 1.10 [1.10, 1.20] | 0.075 |
| CK (U/L) | 66.5 [25.3, 110.5] | 67.0 [24.0, 107.5] | 62.0 [39.0, 135.0] | 63.0 [22.5, 105.5] | 0.530 |
| BNP (pg/mL) | 67.9 [28.0, 152.3] | 67.9 [28.0, 243.0] | 62.0 [27.0, 126.0] | 97.0 [41.5, 128.8] | 0.490 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 745 [88.0, 1899] | 109 [67.0, 2679] | 1118 [769.5, 2237] | 745 [382, 859] | 0.532 |
| GC treatment (%) | 103 (15.1) | 24 (11.9) | 32 (15.2) | 47 (17.3) | 0.266 |
| Methylprednisolone (%) | 96 (14.0) | 24 (11.9) | 30 (14.3) | 42 (15.4) | 0.540 |
| Dexamethasone (%) | 12 (1.8) | 2 (1.0) | 3 (1.4) | 7 (2.6) | 0.392 |
| Hydrocortisone (%) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.4) | 0.468 |
| Outcome | |||||
| Hospital stay (days) | 25.0 [16.0, 38.0] | 21.0 [14.0, 28.0] | 24.0 [18.0, 32.0] | 37.0 [21.0, 47.0] | < 0.001 |
| Total course (days) | 45.0 [33.0, 59.3] | 30.0 [19.5, 39.5] | 41.0 [32.0, 54.0] | 57.0 [47.0, 67.0] | < 0.001 |
| Outcome (%) | 0.414 | ||||
| Survival | 643 (96.8) | 191 (97.0) | 194 (95.6) | 258 (97.7) | |
| Death | 21 (3.2) | 6 (3.0) | 9 (4.4) | 6 (2.3) | |