Table 1.

Health-promoting role of Glucosinolate.

Glucosinolate	Type of Compound	Health Promoting Roles and Plant Protection	Reference
Sulforaphane	Isothiocyanates	Inhibition of transcription regulator (NF-κB), which is relevant against inflammation and for minimizing diabetes-related complications such as diabetic neuropathy.	[13,53]
		Mediation of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis; inhibition of the activity of histone deacetylase; and increasing histone acetylation, which leads to the enhancement of protection against carcinogenesis. Induction of cytotoxicity.	[54,55,56]
		Normalization of kidney genome and blood pressure owing to the decrease in oxidative stress in cardiovascular and kidney tissues.	[57]
		Decreasing infarct size, brain edema, and cortical apoptosis, reducing the inflammation and tissue damage of the central nervous system due to the activation of the transcription factor Nrf2, and the upregulation of different target genes.	[58]
		Reduction in the damage induced by high concentrations of substances that mimic the pathomechanism of autism spectrum disorders in mice models.	[59]
		Treatment of Helicobacter pylori.	[60]
		Reduces the risk of skin lesions caused by UV radiation, especially in high-risk patients.	[44]
Glucoiberin, Sinigrin, and Progoitrin		Suppressing agents, protection of human and animal cells against carcinogenesis owing to the induction of Phase II detoxification enzymes or the inhibition of Phase I enzymes.	[60,61,62,63]
Indole-3-Carbinol		Chemopreventive agent.	[13]
Benzyl Isothiocyanate		Bactericidal and fungicidal properties and has proven effective in combating respiratory and urinary tract infections.	[64]
		Chemopreventive agent.	[13]
Allyl Isothiocyanate, Allyl Thiocyanate, and Allyl Isocyanate		Effective natural insecticides, efficiency in eliminating nematodes or flying insects. Possible mechanisms: the inhibition of the activity of the thiol groups of key enzymes, or the blocking of electron transport and ATP synthesis.	[65]