Figure 5.

Expression levels of genes related to ABA biosynthesis during symbiotic germination of Dendrobium officinale for quantitative qPCR analysis. (A). Genes’ expression at different development stages between asymbiotic and symbiotic germination (no GA₃ treatment); (B). Genes expression’ affected by GA₃ concentrations at 4 weeks after sowing seeds. Expression levels were calculated by the 2^−ΔΔC_T method normalized against the expression of EF1-α, using the expression level of ungerminated seed (stage 0) (A) or asymbiotic germination (B) as control and the fold change > 2.0 was marked significant differential expression (*). AG, asymbiotic germination; SG, symbiotic germination.