Table 1.
Ingredients and chemical composition of diets used in the experiment (g/kg DM, Huyen et al., 2016).
| Item | Dietary treatment |
Grass silage | Sainfoin Zeus silage | Sainfoin Esparcette silage | Corn silage | Concentrate | Linseed | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Sainfoin | |||||||
| Ingredients | ||||||||
| Grass silage | 600.0 | 300.0 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Sainfoin silage1 | 0.0 | 300.0 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Corn silage | 100.0 | 100.0 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Concentrate2 | 240.0 | 240.0 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Linseed | 60.0 | 60.0 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Chemical composition | ||||||||
| DM, g/kg product | 444.9 | 357.2 | 366.0 | 200.0 | 380.0 | 314.0 | 893.0 | 922.0 |
| OM | 918.9 | 891.3 | 907.1 | 785.2 | 923.5 | 961.3 | 916.3 | 962.0 |
| CP | 162.7 | 171.9 | 145.9 | 212.3 | 96.5 | 83.4 | 209.9 | 239.5 |
| NDF | 395.7 | 359.1 | 508.6 | 346.0 | 441.0 | 354.9 | 221.2 | 201.3 |
| ADF | 236.7 | 244.5 | 306.3 | 305.3 | 336.5 | 203.3 | 122.5 | 156.2 |
| ADL | 18.6 | 35.0 | 14.3 | 67.0 | 59.6 | 7.4 | 29.4 | 29.1 |
| Crude fat3 | 37.8 | 35.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 40.3 | 417.9 |
| Starch3 | 97.9 | 90.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 328.5 | 244.4 | 14.3 |
| GE, MJ/kg DM | 19.5 | 19.0 | 19.2 | 17.1 | 18.2 | 19.0 | 18.2 | 27.8 |
| NEL4, MJ/kg DM | 7.6 | 6.8 | 7.4 | 4.3 | 5.3 | 6.9 | 7.4 | 11.7 |
| Condensed tannins | 0.0 | 8.8 | 0.0 | 24.0 | 31.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Sainfoin silage was a mixture between cultivar Zeus silage from clay soil and cultivar Esparcette from sandy soil (the ratio between silages from cultivar Zeus and Esparcette = 70:30 on DM basis).
Concentrate composition: triticale 3.4%, palm kernel flakes 11.8%, stable rapeseed 7.4%, rapeseed meal 7.2%, soybean meal 12.9%, beet pulp 7.5%, lime 1.53%, magnesium oxide 0.1%, mixing salt 0.42%, molasses 5%, sodium bicarbonate 0.25%, corn gluten middling 8.9%, corn 30.3%, potatoes juice 0.2% (protaminase), premix-vitamin 3.1%.
The concentrations of crude fat and starch in grass silage, sainfoin Zeus silage, and sainfoin Esparcette silage were too low, so in the current study, the value was presented as 0.0, but the actual values have been included for calculation.
Net energy for lactation (NEL) was calculated according to Van Es (1975).