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. 2020 Aug 25;21(17):6110. doi: 10.3390/ijms21176110

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Osteoblasts of LAMP-2 deficient mice have many vacuoles and do not induce osteoclast formation. (A) Electron micrographs of WT and LAMP-2-/y osteoblasts. Asterisks indicate vacuoles which are much more abundant in the LAMP-2-/y osteoblasts. (B) The number of vacuoles per osteoblast is significantly higher in the LAMP-2-/y osteoblasts compared to WT osteoblasts (n = 10 ± SD, * p < 0.05). (C,D) Osteoblasts (OB) and bone marrow cells from long bone (C) and calvaria (D) of wild type (WT) and LAMP-2 -/y mice were co-cultured for 10 days. Wild type osteoblasts of both types of bone induced the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts. This occurred with bone marrow cells of both genotypes (WT or LAMP-2-/y). Hardly any osteoclast was generated in the co-cultures with LAMP-2-/y osteoblasts (n = 9, * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001).