| ABA | abscisic acid |
| bp | base pair |
| GA | gibberellin |
| CaMV | cauliflower mosaic virus |
| CCCH | Cysteine-cysteine-cysteine-histidine |
| CRISPR/Cas9 | complementation and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated 9 |
| GFP | green fluorescent protein |
| GMS | genetic male sterile |
| GUS | β-glucuronidase |
| LOTUS | Limkain, Oskar, and TUdor-containing proteins 5 and 7 |
| PAM | protospacer adjacent motif |
| PCR | polymerase chain reaction |
| PMI | pollen mitosis I |
| PMII | pollen mitosis II |
| Pre-mRNA | precursor messenger RNA |
| qRT-PCR | quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction |
| RNA-seq | RNA sequencing |
| RRM | RNA recognition motif |
| SEM | scanning electron microscopy |
| TEM | transmission electron microscopy |
| TZF | tandem CCCH zinc-finger |