Table 3.

Moderator Analysis for the Combined Intervention Group vs. the Control Group.

Moderator	Level	No. of Studies	SMD	95% CI	I2	Homogeneity Test
						Q	df	p
Mode of combination	Sequential	9	0.27 **	0.10 to 0.44	0	0.01	1	0.94
	Simultaneous	8	0.26 **	0.08 to 0.44	49.53
Cognitive status	Healthy	11	0.33 **	0.16 to 0.50	23.28	1.22	1	0.27
	MCI	6	0.19 *	0.01 to 0.37	6.74
Control group	Active	8	0.27 **	0.11 to 0.43	14.52	0.03	1	0.86
	Passive	9	0.25 *	0.05 to 0.45	29.78
Intervention length	Long (≥24 weeks)	5	0.11	−0.07 to 0.29	0	4.92	2	0.09
	Medium (12–23 weeks)	8	0.37 **	0.17 to 0.56	39
	Short (<12 weeks)	4	0.44 *	0.12 to 0.75	0
Frequency	High (>3 sessions/week)	3	0.21	−0.07 to 0.48	0	0.2	1	0.66
	Low (≤3 sessions/week)	14	0.28 *	0.14 to 0.41	32.92
Session duration	Long (>60 min)	7	0.20	−0.02 to 0.41	0	4.13	2	0.13
	Medium (>30 to ≤60 min)	8	0.41 **	0.22 to 0.61	30.47
	Short (≤30 min)	2	0.11	−0.13 to 0.35	0
Study quality	High (≥9 scores)	13	0.26 **	0.13 to 0.39	36.65	0.01	1	0.91
	Low (<9 scores)	4	0.28	−0.05 to 0.61	0

* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.05.