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. 2020 Aug 22;21(17):6056. doi: 10.3390/ijms21176056

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Immunofluorescence against CK-18 (green) (a and b) or CK-19 (green) (c and d) of the region of the gingiva adherent to the machined (a,c) or laser-treated (b,d) surface. Nuclei are counterstained with DAPI. Images are representative of 15 different experiments. Scale bar: 10 μm. Bar graphs show the percentage of CK-18 (e) and CK-19 (f) immunostaining positive areas in the epithelial layers. Values are expressed as mean ± SD of five determinations in randomly chosen sections for each specimen. * indicates values statistically different (p < 0.001) between the region of the gingiva adherent to the laser-treated- or to machined surfaces, as indicated.