| IBD | Inflammatory bowel diseases |
| UC | Ulcerative colitis |
| CD | Crohn’s disease |
| 16S rDNA | Small sub-unit ribosomal RNA gene |
| qRT-PCR | Quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction |
| OTU | Operational taxonomic unit |
| PCoA | Principal co-ordinate analysis |
| FDR | False discovery rate |