Table 10.
Chitosan-based composites used in the adsorption of cations.
| Adsorbent | Adsorbate | Maximum Adsorption Capacity (mg g−1) | pH | Temperature (°C) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chitosan/alginate | Cu2+ | 68 | 4.5 | - | [161] |
| Chitosan/calcium arginate | Ni2+ | 222 | 5 | - | [162] |
| Chitosan/cellulose | Cu2+ | 26 | - | 25 | [163] |
| Zn2+ | 20 | ||||
| Cr6+ | 13 | ||||
| Ni2+ | 13 | ||||
| Pb2+ | 26 | ||||
| Chitosan/ceramic alumina | As3+ | 56 | 4.0 | - | [164] |
| As5+ | 96 | 4.0 | 25 | ||
| Cu2+ | 86 | -0- | - | [165] | |
| Ni2+ | 78 | 4 | 25 | ||
| Cr6+ | 154 | 4 | 25 | [166] | |
| Chitosan/clinoptilolite | Cu2+ | 574 | 5.0 | - | [167] |
| Cu2+ | 719 | 5.0 | 25 | [168] | |
| Co2+ | 468 | ||||
| Ni2+ | 247 | ||||
| Chitosan/cotton fibers (via C-N single bond) |
Hg2+ | 96 | 5.0 | 25 | [169] |
| Au3+ | 89 | 3.0 | 25 | [170] | |
| Chitosan/cotton fibers (via Schiff base bon) |
Hg2+ | 104 | 5.0 | 35 | [169] |
| Au3+ | 77 | 3.0 | 25 | [170] | |
| Cu2+ | 25 | 6.5 | 25 | [171] | |
| Ni2+ | 8 | ||||
| Pd2+ | 102 | ||||
| Cd2+ | 16 | ||||
| Chitosan/magnetite | Cr6+ | 69 | 4.0 | - | [172] |
| Pb2+ | 63 | 6.0 | - | [173] | |
| Ni2+ | 53 | ||||
| Chitosan/perlite | Cu2+ | 196 | 5.0 | - | [174] |
| Ni2+ | 115 | ||||
| Cd2+ | 179 | 6.0 | 25 | [175] | |
| Cr6+ | 154 | 4.0 | 25 | [176] | |
| Cu2+ | 104 | 4.5 | 25 | [177] | |
| Chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol | Cd2+ | 143 | 6.0 | 50 | [178] |
| Cu2+ | 48 | 6.0 | - | [179] | |
| Chitosan/polyvinyl chloride | Cu2+ | 88 | 4.0 | - | [180] |
| Ni2+ | 120 | 5.0 | |||
| Chitosan/silica | Ni2+ | 254 | 5.0 | - | [161] |