Table 2.
Modality-Wide Associations and Subgroup Differences
| Canonical Correlation Analysis Results | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F-value | P-value | FDR-Adjusted P-value | Canonical Correlation | % Variance Accounted | Wilks’ λ a | N | N–BM b | |
| Cognition | F 91,2159.1 = 1.47 | .003 | .009 | .34 | 34.9 | .69 | 362 | 15 |
| Evoked-EEG | F 217,3838.5 = 1.29 | .003 | .009 | .37 | 30.8 | .62 | 597 | 31 |
| rs-EEG | F 112,2725.1 = 1.31 | .02 | .04 | .34 | 37.7 | .71 | 443 | 16 |
| rs-fMRI | F 77,2620.1 = 1.31 | .04 | .06 | .32 | 47.9 | .80 | 454 | 11 |
| Pro-/anti-saccades | F 42,2944.3 = 1.31 | .09 | .10 | .22 | 61.6 | .93 | 640 | 6 |
| DTIc | F 350,846.05 = 0.92 | .81 | .81 | .38 | 22.2 | .11 | 177 | 50 |
| Probands With vs Without Predominant Negative Symptoms | ||||||||
| ANOVA | NS vs non-NS | |||||||
| F-value | P-value | Cohen’s d | ||||||
| Evoked-EEG | F 1,595 = 60.32 | 3.5E-14 | 0.62 | |||||
| Cognition | F 1,363 = 28.17 | 1.9E-7 | 0.55 | |||||
| rs-EEG | F 1,441 = 1.37 | .24 | — | |||||
| rs-fMRI | F 1,452 = 22.98 | 2.0E-6 | 0.46 | |||||
| Pro-/anti-saccades | F 1,638 = 37.85 | 1.4E-9 | 0.49 | |||||
| Clinical Diagnoses | ||||||||
| ANOVA | SZ vs SAD | SZ vs BDP | SAD vs BDP | |||||
| F-value | P-value | P-value | Cohen’s d | P-value | Cohen’s d | P-value | Cohen’s d | |
| Evoked-EEG | F 2,594 = 18.07 | 2.4E-8 | < .001 | 0.39 | < .001 | 0.57 | ns | — |
| Cognition | F 2,362 = 16.41 | 1.5E-7 | .001 | 0.43 | < .001 | 0.69 | ns | — |
| rs-EEG | F 2,440 = 3.41 | .03 | < .001 | 0.08 | < .001 | 0.30 | ns | — |
| rs-fMRI | F 2,451 = 1.13 | .32 | ns | — | ns | — | ns | — |
| Pro-/anti-saccades | F 2,637 = 33.17 | 2.0E-14 | < .001 | 0.56 | < .001 | 0.69 | ns | — |
| Biotypes | ||||||||
| ANOVA | B1 vs B2 | B1 vs B3 | B2 vs B3 | |||||
| F-value | P-value | P-value | Cohen’s d | P-value | Cohen’s d | P-value | Cohen’s d | |
| Evoked-EEG | F 2,564 = 13.92 | 1.0E-6 | .04 | 0.23 | < .001 | 0.57 | .002 | 0.31 |
| Cognition | F 2,358 = 27.86 | 5.7E-12 | .04 | 0.31 | < .001 | 0.97 | < .001 | 0.68 |
| rs-EEG | F 2,402 = 1.24 | .29 | ns | — | ns | — | ns | — |
| rs-Fmri | F 2,451 = 1.45 | .23 | ns | — | ns | — | ns | — |
| Pro-/anti-saccades | F 2,574 = 44.88 | 7.8E-19 | < .001 | 0.58 | < .001 | 0.89 | .004 | 0.34 |
aWilks’ λ is the product of the values (1—Canonical R2) for the current canonical variate and all variates below it. Therefore, lower values for Wilks’ λ represent a greater proportion of variance shared between the variable sets across all canonical variate functions.
bN-BM, number of biomarker variables included in a given modality.
cAs the negative symptom—DTI construct did not meet even exploratory significance, subgroup comparisons were not performed.