Table 2.

Dietary compounds, their proposed target genes and mechanisms of action in in vitro or in vivo models of TNBC.

Dietary compound	Targets	Epigenetic mechanism
Resveratrol	BRCA1, p53, p21, BAX, PTEN, MTA1, ERa, RASSF-1a, PDL1	Promotes deacetylation/ demethylation through inhibition of H3K9me, DNMT1, MBD2, KDAC, and induction of H3K27ac and H3K29ac
Genistein	P53, KRAS-FGFR4, Tyrosine kinases, NF-kB, BRCA1, ERa, p21, p16	Acts as estrogen agonist or antagonist through binding to ER alpha or beta, respectively. Inhibits protein tyrosine kinases, DNMT; induces HAT activity
Curcumin	FAB P5/PPAR, BRCA1, FASN, miR-29b	Induces DNA acetylation, Beta-oxidation of FASN, inhibits promoter methylation
EGCG	FASN, Bcl2, cIAP2, Caspase7	Inhibits FA synthesis, HDAC
Folate	BRCA1, RARBeta, PTEN,	Modulates methylation through FRA, inhibits Src and ERK