Table 2.
Rotational thromboelastometry parameters (mean, 95% confidence interval) in dogs (n = 6 per group) with hemorrhagic shock given 20 mL kg−1 of either fresh whole blood (FWB), hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 (HES), 4% succinylated gelatin (GELO), or 80 mL kg−1 of balanced isotonic crystalloid (CRYST).
| Parameter | Baseline | Shock | T60 | T180 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| INTEM CT (sec) | ||||
| FWB | 279.3 (137.5–421.2) | 204.8 (123.1–286.5) | 330.5 (17.2–643.8) | 269.0 (150.7–387.3) |
| CRYST | 171.3 (149.1–193.5) | 160.7 (129.2–192.1) | 162.2 (134.0–190.3) | 159.8 (142.8–176.9) |
| HES | 201.2 (129.1–273.2) | 145.8 (72.2–219.5) | 231.8 (130.4–333.3) | 199.0 (113.0–285.0) |
| GELO | 221.5 (146.0–297.0) | 161.0 (117.0–205.0) | 224.3 (108.6–340.1) | 193.5 (146.5–240.5) |
| INTEM CFT (sec) | ||||
| FWB | 224.2 (143.1–305.2) | 260.3 (180.6–340.0) | 303.8 (102.0–505.7) | 235.3 (178.9–291.8) |
| CRYST | 143.5 (119.1–167.9) | 227.8 (190.9–264.8) | 298.8 (269.5–328.1) | 234.5 (207.6–261.4) |
| HES | 202.8 (106.9–298.8) | 264.0 (168.0–360.0) | 431.5 (287.3–575.7) | 309.2 (221.0–397.3) |
| GELO | 178.2 (128.4–227.9) | 186.2 (114.2–258.1) | 305.5 (211.1–399.9) | 278.7 (178.1–379.2) |
| INTEM α (°) | ||||
| FWB | 54.2 (44.9–63.4) | 54.0 (46.3–61.7) | 52.7 (38.5–66.8) | 56.2 (49.8–62.6) |
| CRYST | 68.0 (65.4–70.6) | 62.7 (57.2–68.1) | 56.8 (53.7–60.0) | 60.7 (59.8–61.5) |
| HES | 60.5 (49.4–71.6) | 56.0 (46.5–65.5) | 50.7 (40.2–61.1) | 53.5 (46.4–60.6) |
| GELO | 61.2 (56.5–65.9) | 61.7 (53.8–69.6) | 53.0 (46.7–59.3) | 56.2 (49.8–62.6) |
| INTEM MCF (mm) | ||||
| FWB | 51.2 (46.9–55.4) | 47.7 (43.0–52.3) | 45.3 (38.3–52.3)+ | 48.2 (44.5–51.8)+ |
| CRYST | 54.2 (50.8–57.5) | 46.3 (43.0–49.7) | 42.2 (39.9–44.4) | 44.0 (41.4–46.6) |
| HES | 50.3 (45.3–55.4) | 44.5 (40.3–48.7) | 37.0 (31.6–42.4)& | 41.0 (36.2–45.8)& |
| GELO | 54.0 (48.3–59.7) | 51.2 (45.8–56.5) | 41.5 (36.0–47.0) | 42.8 (37.2–48.5) |
| INTEM LI60 (%) | ||||
| FWB | 99.0 (97.4–100.6) | 99.7 (98.8–100.5) | 99.7 (98.8–100.5) | 99.2 (97.9–100.4) |
| CRYST | 99.7 (98.8–100.5) | 98.7 (97.6–99.8) | 96.8 (94.7–99.0) | 97.2 (94.4–99.9) |
| HES | 99.2 (97.9–100.4) | 98.5 (96.4–100.6) | 87.8 (67.3–108.4) | 90.0 (74.1–105.9) |
| GELO | 99.5 (98.6–100.4) | 99.7 (99.1–100.2) | 98.3 (94.0–102.6) | 96.5 (87.5–105.5) |
| EXTEM CT (sec) | ||||
| FWB | 52.5 (40.8–64.2) | 75.2 (57.2–93.1) | 64.7 (45.3–84.1)+ | 62.0 (53.1–70.9) |
| CRYST | 54.8 (37.8–71.9) | 66.2 (59.4–72.9) | 72.8 (62.9–82.8)+ | 71.5 (58.7–84.3) |
| HES | 61.8 (40.6–83.0) | 69.0 (56.1–81.9) | 119.3 (57.4–181.3)&,*,# | 82.7 (50.6–114.8) |
| GELO | 47.8 (28.6–67.0) | 55.8 (36.1–75.6) | 76.2 (27.5–124.8)+ | 75.2 (50.6–99.8) |
| EXTEM CFT (sec) | ||||
| FWB | 178.2 (121.5–234.8) | 217.3 (149.5–285.2) | 251.0 (127.6–374.4) | 202.2 (148.5–255.9) |
| CRYST | 129.3 (115.4–143.3) | 184.2 (152.6–215.7) | 246.0 (198.3–293.7) | 221.0 (177.7–264.3) |
| HES | 187.2 (106.0–268.3) | 208.0 (137.8–278.2) | 373.4 (179.9–566.9) | 437.3 (0.0–918.6) |
| GELO | 139.3 (102.6–176.1) | 165.0 (115.5–214.5) | 230.4 (167.7–293.1) | 263.3 (174.5–352.1) |
| EXTEM α (°) | ||||
| FWB | 59.8 (53.5–66.1) | 60.0 (55.9–64.1) | 55.8 (48.8–62.9) | 58.3 (54.4–62.3) |
| CRYST | 66.5 (64.4–68.6) | 63.3 (60.9–65.8) | 59.3 (54.2–64.5) | 60.8 (59.0–62.6) |
| HES | 61.7 (55.1–68.2) | 61.8 (56.4–67.2) | 46.2 (28.6–63.8) | 53.0 (39.8–66.2) |
| GELO | 65.7 (62.8–68.5) | 63.5 (59.9–67.1) | 49.5 (32.7–66.3) | 56.0 (52.5–59.5) |
| EXTEM MCF (mm) | ||||
| FWB | 50.5 (46.3–54.7) | 44.7 (39.6–49.7) | 45.3 (38.6–52.1)+ | 47.0 (43.4–50.6) |
| CRYST | 54.7 (52.1–57.2) | 45.7 (42.1–49.3) | 39.0 (33.3–44.7) | 39.3 (34.7–44.0) |
| HES | 49.3 (42.7–55.9) | 42.5 (33.4–51.6) | 31.2 (20.5–41.9)& | 37.8 (28.6–47.1) |
| GELO | 54.3 (47.8–60.8) | 50.0 (43.4–56.6)ß | 39.0 (26.6–51.4) | 40.3 (31.9–48.8) |
| EXTEM TPI | ||||
| FWB | 18.8 (12.7–25.0) | 12.5 (6.7–18.3) | 12.3 (5.6–19.0) | 14.0 (9.6–18.4) |
| CRYST | 28.5 (22.8–34.2) | 14.3 (10.5–18.2) | 8.2 (5.6–10.8) | 9.3 (6.1–12.6) |
| HES | 20.2 (7.4–32.9) | 14.2 (1.1–27.3) | 4.8 (2.0–7.6) | 8.2 (1.4–14.9) |
| GELO | 28.8 (15.3–42.4) | 21.0 (10.3–31.7) | 11.2 (5.3–17.1) | 9.5 (4.2–14.8) |
| EXTEM LI60 (%) | ||||
| FWB | 89.3 (66.9–111.7) | 78.7 (48.1–109.3) | 90.7 (70.7–110.7) | 91.0 (78.2–103.8) |
| CRYST | 99.0 (97.9–100.1) | 87.7 (73.0–102.3) | 84.7 (52.9–116.5) | 78.8 (58.5–99.2) |
| HES | 98.3 (95.5–101.2) | 83.3 (56.1–110.6) | 74.3 (36.5–112.2) | 84.3 (56.2–112.5) |
| GELO | 97.5 (93.8–101.2) | 86.7 (65.3–108.1) | 75.8 (49.2–102.5) | 72.5 (42.5–102.5) |
| FIBTEM MCF (mm) | ||||
| FWB | 4.3 (3.5–5.2) | 3.5 (2.4–4.6) | 3.3 (1.5–5.2) | 2.8 (1.0–4.6) |
| CRYST | 6.0 (3.1–8.9) | 4.7 (1.9–7.5) | 2.8 (1.0–4.6) | 3.2 (1.2–5.1) |
| HES | 5.0 (2.6–7.4) | 2.0 (0.0–4.9) | 0.7 (0.0–2.4) | 2.2 (0.0–5.2) |
| GELO | 4.8 (3.3–6.4) | 3.8 (2.3–5.4) | 2.0 (0.2–3.8) | 2.7 (1.1–4.2) |
Fluid was delivered directly after Shock time point.
&
Significantly different to FWB;
*
Significantly different to CRYST;
+
Significantly different to HES;
#
Significantly different to GELO (Bonferroni–Holm corrected P-value < 0.05). α, alpha angle; CFT, clot formation time; CT, clotting time; LI60, lysis index at 60 min; MCF, maximum clot firmness; TPI, thrombodynamic potential index.