Table 2.
Layer | Relevant Literature | Frequency | Data Rate | Range | Power Cons/Ion | Definition | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IoT Protocols | |||||||
IrDA(Infrared) | Perception-Network | [12,15,26,62] | 850–900 nm | 14.4 Kbps | 1 m | na | Protocol |
RFID | Perception | [12,15,45,52,63,64,65] | 13.56 MHz | 106–424 Kbps | 20 cm | Very Low | Technology |
NFC | Perception-Network | [7,15,36,66,67] | 13.56 MHz | 106–424 Kbps | 20 cm | Very Low | Technology |
Bluetooth/BLE | Perception-Network | [7,12,13,15,37,68,69,70] | 2.4 GHz | 1, 2, 3 Mbps | 80–90 m | Low | Technology |
ZWave | Perception-Network | [18,71] | sub GHz | 40 kbps | 30 m | low | Protocol |
UWB | Perception | [7,12,15,37] | 3.1–10.6 GHz | 53–480 Mbps | 10 m | Very Low | Technology |
WiFi | Network | [7,37,47,63,72] | 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz | 0.1–54 Mbps | 80 m | Medium | Protocol-Standard (ISO) |
ZigBee | Perception-Network | [7,13,36,37,47,64,69,70,73] | 2.4 GHz | 250 kbps | 100 m | Low | Protocol |
WIA-PA | Network | [52] | na | na | na | na | Standard |
ISA100.11a | Network | [52] | na | na | na | na | Technology |
6LoWPAN | Network | [7,13,36,37,45,47,52,63] | 2.4 GHz | na | na | na | Technology-Set of standards |
LoRa WAN | Network | [7,60,61] | sub GHz | 50 kbps | 3–4 km | Low | Protocol |