Figure 1. INSL5 is elevated in NPC tissue and plasma and is a potential diagnostic biomarker.

• A
  Western blotting showing cellular INSL5 in the immortalized NPEC and NPC cell lines after inhibition of protein secretion by BFA, and β‐actin was used as a loading control.
• B
  ELISA assay showing secreted INSL5 in the supernatants of NPECs and NPC cell lines. For NPECs, n = 3; for NPC, n = 7.
• C
  The concentration of plasma INSL5 in healthy controls (normal EBV (−)), non‐tumor individuals with VCA‐IgA positive (normal EBV (+)), and NPC patients, in training cohort.
• D
  ROC of the diagnostic prediction model with plasma INSL5 level in the training cohort.
• E
  The concentration of plasma INSL5 in healthy controls (normal EBV (−)), non‐tumor individuals with VCA‐IgA positive (normal EBV (+)), and NPC patients, in validation cohort 1(GZ).
• F
  The concentration of plasma INSL5 in healthy controls (normal EBV (−)), non‐tumor individuals with VCA‐IgA positive (normal EBV (+)), and NPC patients, in validation cohort 2(ZS).
• G
  Confusion table of binary results of the diagnostic prediction model in the training cohort, validation cohorts, and the whole cohort.
• H
  ROC of the diagnostic prediction model with plasma INSL5 level in the whole cohort.
• I
  ROC of the diagnostic prediction model with plasma INSL5 level in individuals with VCA‐IgA‐negative plasma in all three cohorts.
• J
  Confusion table of binary results of the diagnostic prediction model in VCA‐IgA‐negative individuals in the training cohort, validation cohorts, and the whole cohort.

Data information: In (B), data are presented as mean ± SD, in (C, E and F), data are presented as mean ± SEM, and P‐values were determined by unpaired t‐test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns, no significance. Exact P‐values are specified in Appendix Table S4.Source data are available online for this figure.