FIGURE 1.

SnPP administration increases plasma IL‐10 concentrations in healthy volunteers and subjects with CKD. Within 4–8 hr of receiving 90 mg of SnPP, plasma IL‐10 increases were observed, reaching peak values (~5–6x baseline) within 18–24 hr. Sharp plasma IL‐10 decrements were observed thereafter, returning to baseline levels within 48–72 hr. No significant differences in responses were noted between the healthy volunteers and CKD group. p values for both groups were <0.0005 as determined by ANOVA for repeated measures