Table 19.

Summarising statistics describing serum concentrations of perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs) in the European children population based on studies included in Table B.4 in Appendix B (from 2007–2008 and onwards)

		Concentration (ng/mL)
		PFBS	PFHxS	PFHpS	PFOSa	PFDS	FOSA	MeFOSAA	EtFOSAA
Statistics based on medians reported in studies included in Table B.4 in Appendix B, b	Median	0.10	0.60	0.14	3.2	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.03
	Mean	0.10	0.56	0.13	3.3	0.03	0.06	0.04	0.03
	Minimum	0.1	0.3	0.07	0.49	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
	Maximum	0.1	0.81	0.19	8.6	0.03	0.11	0.05	0.03
	Number of studies c	2	9	4	8	2	3	2	2
Information based on individual samples reported in studies included in Table B.4 in Appendix B	Minimum individual samples	< 0.1 (IQR)	< 0.03	0.03	0.47	< 0.03 (IQR)	< 0.03	< 0.03 (IQR)	< 0.03 (IQR)
	Maximum individual samples	< 0.1 (IQR)	84.7	7.62	23.0	0.04 (IQR)	0.16	0.08 (IQR)	< 0.03 (IQR)
	Country reporting maximum individual samples	Faroe Islands	Norway	Norway	Denmark	Faroe Islands	Norway	Faroe Islands	Faroe Islands
	Reference for maximum	Dassuncao et al. (2018)	Averina et al. (2018)	Averina et al. (2018)	Mørck et al. (2015)	Dassuncao et al. (2018)	Papadopoulou et al. (2016)	Dassuncao et al. (2018)	Dassuncao et al. (2018)

IQR: interquartile range; LOQ: limit of quantification.

For studies with median concentration lower than LOQ, the LOQ was used for calculations. For studies reporting the concentrations in ng/g, it was assumed that 1 g = 1 mL of serum/plasma.

^aData from EFSA CONTAM Panel (2018) Opinion.

^bBased only on studies where median levels were reported.

^cOnly studies where median is > LOQ are included in this number.