Table 3.
Models used in assessing the effect of lifestyle factors on blood pressure control among urban adults.
| Model 1: adjusted effect of lifestyle factors on blood pressure control without controlling for demographic factors | Model 2: adjusted effect of lifestyle factors on blood pressure control when controlling for demographic factors | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOR | 95% CI | p value | AOR | 95% CI | p value | |
| Time since diagnosis | ||||||
| 1 year | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 2–5 years | 0.17 | 0.04–0.67 | 0.012 | 0.08 | 0.01–0.47 | 0.005 |
| 6–10 years | 0.14 | 0.03–0.56 | 0.006 | 0.08 | 0.01–0.5 | 0.006 |
| >10 years | 0.42 | 0.11–1.63 | 0.212 | 0.25 | 0.04–1.58 | 0.139 |
| History of smoking | ||||||
| Yes | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| No | 1.95 | 0.34–11.1 | 0.451 | 3.09 | 0.38–25.5 | 0.294 |
| Units of alcohol per week | 0.47 | 0.25–0.9 | 0.023 | 0.61 | 0.31–1.21 | 0.158 |
| Activity | ||||||
| No activity | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 30 mins–1 hour | 4.67 | 2.06–10.58 | <0.001 | 5.64 | 2.08–15.32 | 0.001 |
| ≥1 hour | 7.91 | 1.87–33.45 | 0.005 | 11.38 | 2.01–64.47 | 0.006 |
| Major component in diet | ||||||
| Starchy: yes | 0.18 | 0.05–0.73 | 0.017 | 0.14 | 0.03–0.79 | 0.025 |
| Meat and fat: yes | 0.13 | 0.03–0.66 | 0.014 | 0.13 | 0.02–0.7 | 0.017 |
| Fruit and vegetables: yes | 2.18 | 0.89–5.38 | 0.089 | 2.54 | 0.9–7.2 | 0.080 |
| Model performance indices | ||||||
| AUROC (95% CI) | 87.72% (82.39–93.06) | 91.31% (87.47–95.16) | ||||
| AIC | 202.57 | 194.92 | ||||
AOR: adjusted odds ratio, CI: confidence interval, ref: reference category, ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, and ∗∗∗p < 0.001. Demographic factors controlled: age, sex, education, knowledge, comorbidity, and number of pills taken. AUROC: area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve. AIC: Akaike's information criterion.