Table 2.
Clinicopathological characteristics of the EP and CP groups (n=296)
| Variable | EP | CP | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient | 82 (27.7) | 214 (72.3) | |
| Age (yr) | 0.804 | ||
| < 65 | 37 (45.1) | 100 (46.7) | |
| ≥ 65 | 45 (54.9) | 114 (53.3) | |
| Sex | 0.375 | ||
| Male | 44 (53.7) | 127 (59.3) | |
| Female | 38 (46.3) | 87 (40.7) | |
| Tumor location | 0.417 | ||
| Colon | 65 (79.3) | 160 (74.8) | |
| Rectum | 17 (20.7) | 54 (25.2) | |
| Procedure | 0.032 | ||
| Open | 5 (6.1) | 33 (15.4) | |
| Minimally invasive surgery | 77 (93.9) | 181 (84.6) | |
| TNM classificationa | 0.100 | ||
| Stage 0 | 3 (3.7) | 16 (7.5) | |
| Stage I | 21 (25.6) | 53 (24.8) | |
| Stage II | 20 (24.4) | 63 (29.4) | |
| Stage III | 34 (41.5) | 59 (27.6) | |
| Stage IV | 4 (4.9) | 23 (10.7) | |
| Radical resection | 0.758 | ||
| R0 | 76 (92.7) | 196 (91.6) | |
| ≥ R1 | 6 (7.3) | 18 (8.4) | |
| Neoadjuvant therapy | 0.616 | ||
| Yes | 8 (9.8) | 17 (7.9) | |
| No | 74 (90.2) | 197 (92.1) | |
| Complication | 0.005 | ||
| Yes | 10 (12.2) | 59 (27.6) | |
| No | 72 (87.8) | 155 (72.4) | |
| Clavien-Dindo classification | 0.002 | ||
| Grade I | 1 (1.2) | 19 (8.9) | |
| Grade II | 4 (4.9) | 32 (15) | |
| Grade IIIa | 4 (4.9) | 3 (1.4) | |
| Grade IIIb | 0 (0.0) | 5 (2.3) | |
| Grade IVa | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Surgical site infection | 0.974 | ||
| Yes | 3 (3.7) | 8 (3.7) | |
| No | 79 (96.3) | 206 (96.3) | |
| Length of hospital stay (day) | 5 (4–34) | 9 (6–60) | < 0.001b |
Values are presented as number (%) or median (range).
EP, enhanced recovery after surgery protocol; CP, conventional protocol.
a
American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM classification, sixth and eighth editions.
b
Mann-Whitney U-test.