TABLE 6.

Examples of miRNAs in MPM – from studies involving FFPE/frozen tissue samples.

	Expression in MPM	Ability of each microRNA to individually differentiate MPM	Comments *adenocarcinoma and other benign pleural disease combined
miR-143	Downregulated (75)	AUC 0.66 (95% CI: 0.50, 0.82) MPM from other pleural diseases* OR −0.30 (95% CI −0.62, 0.01) (75)	Good discriminator of MPM from other pleural disease* (75)
miR185-5p	Downregulated (76)	Log2(FC) −2.742, P-value 2.22 × 10–4	De Santi et al. (76) found statistically significant down-regulation in MPM samples when compared to normal pleural tissue controls.
miR197-3p	Downregulated (76)	Log2(FC) -2.540, P-value 3.72 × 10–7	De Santi et al. (76) found statistically significant down-regulation in MPM samples when compared to normal pleural tissue controls
miR-200c	Downregulated (75)	AUC of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.92) MPM from other pleural diseases* OR: -0.87 (95% CI: −1.49, −0.24) (75)	Birnie et al. (75) found miR-200c to be the best discriminator of MPM from other pleural disease*
miR-299-5p	Downregulated (76)	Log2(FC) −1.239, P-value 0.0014	De Santi et al. (76) found statistically significant down-regulation in MPM samples when compared to normal pleural tissue controls
miR-139-5p	Upregulated (75)	AUC 0.65 (95% CI: 0.50, 0.81) MPM from other pleural diseases* OR: 0.42 (−0.01, 0.85) (75)	Good discriminator of MPM from other pleural disease* (75)
miR-210	Upregulated (75)	AUC 0.72 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.87) MPM from other pleural diseases* OR: 0.59 (95% CI: 0.07, 1.11) (75)	Good discriminator of MPM from other pleural disease* (75) Birnie et al. (75) showed that a combination of miR-200c, miR-210, and miR-143 resulted in an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.84, 0.99) – providing evidence that the combination is better at differentiating MPM from other pleural disease compared any of the mentioned microRNAs alone.