Fig. 2.

Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) administration (2%) at weaning causes colonic disease at 8 days post-DSS. Weight gain (A) was measured daily from postnatal day (P)21–P29 (n = 5 litters) and colon length (B) measured at P29 (n = 8–12 mice). Colon histology (C); black arrows indicate cell infiltration, red arrows indicate goblet cell depletion, black arrowhead indicates muscle thickening, and red arrowhead indicates loss of crypt architecture. mRNA expression of cytokines (D) was quantified by quantitative PCR (n = 7–8 mice). **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 by Student’s t test or Mann–Whitney test.