Fig. 2.

Morphology of hepatocytes in microfluidic chambers. A: diagram describing three types of culture systems testing in this study: 1) microfluidic monolayer (two-dimensional, 2-D) hepatocyte cultures, 2) microfluidic small-volume three-dimensional (3-D) cultures, and 3) microfluidic large-volume cultures. B–D: representative images of three culture systems at day 14. Note mesenchymal morphology of 2-D cultures (B), disaggregation of spheroids in large-volume cultures (D), and contrast with compact morphology of hepatocyte spheroids in small-volume cultures (C). 2-D format scale bar: 50 µm, 3-D format scale bar: 100 µm. PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane.