Table 4.

Results of Antiviral Drug Clinical Trials for COVID-19

Number	Drug Name	Antiviral Mechanism	Indication	Reference
1	Arbidol	Non-nucleoside antiviral membrane fusion inhibitor	Influenza	[9]
2	Favipiravir	RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitor	Influenza	[10]
3	Oseltamivir	Neuraminidase inhibitors	Influenza	[11]
4	Clevudine	Nucleoside and nucleotide reverse-transcriptase	HBV	[12]
5	Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir	Nucleotide analog NS5B polymerase inhibitor/a putative NS5A inhibitor	HCV	[13,14]
6	Danoprevir/Ritonavir	NS3/4A PIs	HCV	[15]
7	Interferon-Beta	A broad‐spectrum antiviral drug	HBV infection
8	Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir	HCV NS5A inhibitor/nucleotide analog NS5B polymerase inhibitor	HCV	[16]
9	Ribavirin	Interferes with the synthesis of viral mRNA	HCV	[17]
10	ASC09/ritonavir	Nucleoside and nucleotide reverse-transcriptase	HIV	Phase 2a(NCT04261907)
11	Azvudine	HIV reverse-transcriptase inhibitors	HIV	[18]
12	Darunavir/Cobicistat	The integrase inhibitors and chemokine receptor CCR5 antagonists.	HIV	[19]
13	Emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil	Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor	HIV	[20]
14	Lopinavir/ritonavir	HIV-1 protease inhibitor	HIV	[21]
15	Remdesivir	RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitor	Ebola virus	[23]
16	Galidesivir	Inhibit viral RNA polymerase activity indirectly through non-obligate RNA chain termination	Broad-spectrum antiviral	[22]
17	CSA0001(LL-37 antiviral peptide)	Direct antimicrobial killing	Several viruses	[24]