Table 1.
Participant characteristics by group (% totals may not sum up due to rounding or missing data)
| Variables | No LDCT n=228 median (IQR) or n (%) |
No lung cancer n=732 median (IQR) or n (%) |
Lung cancers n=36 median (IQR) or n (%) |
All groups n=996 median (IQR) or n (%) |
| Age (in years) | ||||
| 60–63 | 86 (37.7) | 241 (32.9) | 8 (22.2) | 335 (33.6) |
| 64–67 | 72 (31.6) | 238 (32.5) | 11 (30.6) | 321 (32.2) |
| 68–72 | 48 (21.1) | 158 (21.6) | 13 (36.1) | 219 (22.0) |
| 73–76 | 22 (9.7) | 95 (13.0) | 4 (11.1) | 121 (12.2) |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 109 (47.8) | 317 (43.3) | 23 (63.9) | 449 (45.1) |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| White | 183 (80.3) | 607 (82.9) | 34 (94.4) | 824 (82.7) |
| Black/African/Caribbean | 23 (10.1) | 77 (10.5) | 1 (2.8) | 101 (10.1) |
| Other | 22 (9.7) | 48 (6.6) | 1 (2.8) | 71 (7.1) |
| Highest level of education | ||||
| Left school at or before age 15 | 105 (46.1) | 395 (54.0) | 20 (55.6) | 520 (52.2) |
| GCSEs, O-levels or equivalent | 26 (11.4) | 75 (10.3) | 3 (8.3) | 104 10.4) |
| A-levels or equivalent | 24 (10.5) | 70 (9.6) | 4 (11.1) | 98 (9.8) |
| Further education | 14 (6.1) | 31 (4.2) | 3 (8.3) | 48 (4.8) |
| Bachelor degree | 34 (14.9) | 84 (11.5) | 2 (5.6) | 120 (12.1) |
| Further higher degree | 20 (8.8) | 64 (8.7) | 4 (11.1) | 88 (8.8) |
| Other | 5 (2.2) | 13 (1.8) | 0 (0) | 18 (1.8) |
| Index of Multiple Deprivation quintile | ||||
| 1 (most deprived) | 117 (51.3) | 402 (54.9) | 19 (52.8) | 538 (54.0) |
| 2 | 87 (38.2) | 245 (33.5) | 12 (33.3) | 344 (34.5) |
| 3 | 3 (1.3) | 17 (2.3) | 1 (2.8) | 21 (2.1) |
| 4 | 0 (0) | 2 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.2) |
| 5 (least deprived) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Smoking history | ||||
| Current smoker | 148 (64.9) | 527 (72.0) | 31 (86.1) | 706 (70.9) |
| Years smoked (years) | 42 (33 to 51) | 47 (44 to 51) | 51 (47 to 54) | 47 (42 to 51) |
| Years quit (years) | 0 (0 to 3) | 0 (0 to 0) | 0 (0 to 0) | 0 (0 to 0) |
| Average smoking intensity (cigs/day) | 14 (8 to 20) | 20 (10 to 20) | 20 (10 to 23) | 17 (10 to 20) |
| Pack years | 23 (10 to 41) | 38 (26 to 51) | 46 (26 to 63) | 36 (21 to 50) |
| Lung cancer risk | ||||
| PLCO (% 6-year risk) | 1.40 (0.39 to 5.48) | 3.74 (1.80 to 7.14) | 5.68 (2.96 to 9.27) | 3.43 (1.38 to 6.97) |
| LLP (% 5-year risk) | 3.07 (1.55 to 7.16) | 5.58 (3.79 to 8.75) | 5.5 (4.58 to 9.77) | 5.20 (3.16 to 8.56) |
| Physical measurements | ||||
| FEV1 (l/min) | 2.12 (1.68 to 2.57) | 2.06 (1.64 to 2.56) | 1.74 (1.12 to 2.2) | 2.06 (1.64 to 2.55) |
| FEV1 (% predicted) | 85 (69 to 98) | 82 (66 to 96) | 73 (53 to 89) | 82 (67 to 97) |
| FEV/FVC (%) | 70 (63 to 77) | 69 (61 to 75) | 62 (54 to 69) | 69 (62 to 76) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.8 (22.9 to 29.1) | 26.2 (23 to 29.4) | 23.5 (22.5 to 26) | 26.0 (22.9 to 29.2) |
| WHO Performance Status | ||||
| 0 - asymptomatic | 203 (89.0) | 660 (90.2) | 28 (77.8) | 891 (89.5) |
| 1 - completely ambulatory | 23 (10.1) | 64 (8.7) | 8 (22.2) | 95 (9.5) |
| 2 - <50% of day in chair/ bed | 1 (0.4) | 8 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 9 (0.9) |
| 3 - >50% of day in chair/ bed | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.1) |
| LDCT | ||||
| Follow-up duration since LDCT (days) | n/a | 1007 (851 to 1143) | 1044 (933 to 1153) | 1008 (853 to 1144) |
BMI, body mass index; cigs, cigarettes; CT, Computed Tomography scan; GCSE, General Certificate of Secondary Education; LDCT, low-dose CT; LLP, Liverpool Lung Project; PLCO, Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian study; USPSTF, United States Preventive Services Task Force; VATS, Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery.