Table 3.
Gene Expression of Gut Permeability Markers and Hepatic Inflammation Involved in NASH Pathogenesis
| Variables # | Control (n=10) | Intervention (n=10) | p * |
|---|---|---|---|
| Evaluation performed on intestinal tissue | |||
| Ocln | 0.87 (0.6–1.8) | 0.29 (0.1–0.5) | 0.003 |
| F11r (JAM-1) | 1.5 (0.5–2.7) | 0.3 (0.2–0.6) | 0.041 |
| Cldn1 | 1.1 (0.3–1.8) | 2.7 (1.2–3.3) | 0.495 |
| Cldn4 | 1.4 (0.6–1.6) | 0.8 (0.5–2.2) | 0.657 |
| Evaluation performed on liver tissue | |||
| Tlr4 | 17.3 (0.2–9.0) | 50.5 (2.2–40.7) | 0.041 |
| Tlr9 | 13.3 (11.6–15.1) | 14.8 (14.5–18.3) | 0.033 |
| Tlr2 | 1.3 (0.5–2.0) | 1.0 (0.1–1.8) | 0.364 |
| Myd88 | 1.6 (0.4–2.4) | 5.1 (2.9–7.7) | < 0.001 |
| Nlrp3 | 3.9 (1.4–4.2) | 13.8 (3.8–20.5) | 0.019 |
| Casp1 | 2.1 (0.2–3.1) | 82.3 (10.1–148.0) | < 0.001 |
| Tnfa | 17.3 (0.3–1.6) | 111.4 (1.0–193.2) | 0.028 |
| Il6 | 1.2 (0.6–1.7) | 9.8 (1.3–6.2) | 0.013 |
| Il18 | 2.2 (0.4–3.2) | 14.9 (2.0–25.0) | 0.007 |
| Il1b | 1.2 (0.7–1.7) | 2.5 (1.1–3.9) | 0.082 |
| Il10 | 1.3 (0.6–1.7) | 1.4 (0.6–2.1) | 0.940 |
| Ppara | 1.4 (0.5–2.2) | 0.4 (0.1–0.4) | 0.008 |
Notes: #Variables described as median (25th - 75th percentiles) *Mann–Whitney U-test, p < 0.05 considered significant. β-actin gene was used as a housekeeping gene.
Abbreviations: Casp-1, caspase-1; Cldn, claudin; IL, interleukin; Jam, junctional adhesion molecule; MyD-88, myeloid differentiation primary response-88; NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; NLRP-3, Nod-like receptor protein-3; Ocln, occludin; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; TLR, toll-like receptor; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.