Figure 1.

Schematic illustrations of metabolism regulation strategies for augmenting cancer therapeutics. The core shows the cell metabolism regulation by engineered nanomedicine; the inner circle demonstrates several main metabolic pathways of cancer cells that can be regulated to reduce their resistances to therapeutic interventions, while the outer circle indicates several main building materials or metabolites during these bioenergetic or biosynthetic processes. OXPHOS, oxidative phosphorylation; ATP, adenosine 5’‐triphosphate; NAD⁺, oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.