Figure 7.

Glycolysis inhibition in combination with lactic acid exhaustion to modulate acidic microenvironment for enhancing immunotherapy. a) Synthetic procedure of the composite nanomedicine (denoted PMLR). 3PO, 3‐(3‐pyridinyl)‐1‐(4‐pyridinyl)‐2‐propen‐1‐one; LOX, lactate oxidase; RBC, red blood cell; HMnO₂, hollow MnO₂. TEM images of b) HMnO₂ nanoparticles and c) PMLR nanoparticles. d) Schematic illustration of the closed loop of PMLR nanosystem for glycolysis inhibition and lactate consumption. e) Relative ATP concentration of B16F10 cells after treatment with PMLR nanoparticles under normoxia, hypoxia or hypoxia with the addition of H₂O₂ scavenger oxyresveratrol (Oxy). ***P < 0.001. f) Lactate concentration of B16F10 cells after treatment with PMLR nanoparticles under hypoxia with or without the addition of Oxy. **P < 0.01. Reproduced with permission.^{[ 26 ]} Copyright 2019, Wiley‐VCH.