Table 1.
Participant responses to Self-Efficacy Formative Questionnaire.
| Preassessment | Postassessment | P value (<.05) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Belief in Personal Ability | 4.4 | 4.6 | .246 |
| I can learn what is being taught in class this year. | 4.5 | 5 | .024* |
| I can figure out anything if I try hard enough. | 4.1 | 4.6 | .138 |
| If I practiced every day, I could develop just about any skill. | 4.3 | 4.5 | .591 |
| Once I have decided to accomplish something that is important to me, I keep trying to accomplish it, even if it is harder than I thought. | 4.8 | 4.5 | .343 |
| I am confident that I will achieve the goals that I set for myself. | 4.7 | 4.4 | .662 |
| When I am struggling to accomplish something difficult, I focus on my progress instead of feeling discouraged. | 3.8 | 4.4 | .121 |
| I will succeed in whatever career path I choose. | 4.4 | 4.7 | .373 |
| I will succeed in whatever college major I choose. | 4.4 | 4.7 | .168 |
| Belief that Ability Grows with Effort | 4.6 | 4.7 | .276 |
| I believe hard work pays off. | 5 | 5 | – |
| My ability grows with effort. | 4.6 | 5 | .015* |
| I believe that the brain can be developed like a muscle. | 4.5 | 4.9 | .168 |
| I think that no matter who you are, you can significantly change your level of talent. | 4.5 | 4.3 | .872 |
| I can change my basic level of ability considerably. | 4.3 | 4.5 | .394 |
| Total self-efficacy score | 4.5 | 4.7 | .224 |
*
Indicates statistically significant.