Figure 3.

Activation of TLR2 and TLR4 signal pathway by CS‐IONzyme in vivo. a) FCM analysis of TLR2 and TLR4 on the nasal ECs in mice (n = 6 per group) after nasally administering of CS‐IONzyme and H1N1 WIV complexes for 0.5 h. The TLR⁺ cells were gated from EPCAM⁺ CD45⁻ cells. b) Quantification of the FCM results as shown in panel (a). c,d) CU CPT22 inhibitor (3 mg kg⁻¹) against TLR2, or M62812 inhibitor (20 mg kg⁻¹) against TLR4 was administered to mice intraperitoneally 4 h or intravenously 1.5 h respectively before nasally administering of CS‐IONzyme and H1N1 WIV complexes. c) FCM quantitative analysis of CCL20⁺ nasal ECs. The CCL20⁺ ECs were gated from EPCAM⁺ CD45⁻ cells. d) FCM quantitative analysis of submucosal DCs based on the CD11c⁺. Results are from one representative experiment of three performed. Data shown are the means ± s.d. One‐way ANOVA analysis was used to compare the results between different groups. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01.