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. 2020 Sep 11;43(10):e120–e122. doi: 10.2337/dc20-1540

Table 1.

Characteristics of adults with type 1 diabetes with and without COVID-19 infection admitted to a tertiary center between 1 March 2020 and 1 June 2020

COVID-19+ COVID-19− P value
Number of patients 7 28
Age (years) 51.8 (13.4) 52.3 (12.9) 0.93
Sex (n male/n female) 5/2 12/16 0.17
Race/ethnicity (n non-Hispanic White/n non-Hispanic Black) 3/4 26/2 0.01*
Weight (lb) 175.3 (45) 155.1 (30.3) 0.16
BMI (kg/m2) 26.1 (5.8) 24.3 (4.1) 0.34
Glucose on admission (mg/dL) 263 (228) 269 (172) 0.93
HbA1c on admission (%) 8.4 (1.2) 9.2 (2.7) 0.45
HbA1c prior to admission (%) 9.4 (2.4) 8.7 (2.2) 0.46
Insulin treatment at home (MDI/CSII/pancreas transplant) 7/0/0 21/5/2
Basal insulin (units) 23.5 (16.7) 23.7 (11.6) 0.97
Bolus insulin (units) 27.5 (24.3) 23.5 (10.9) 0.51
Total daily insulin dose (units) 47.5 (38.6) 43.9 (16.5) 0.7
Total daily insulin/kg (units/kg/day) 0.7 (0.6) 0.6 (0.3) 0.53
DKA (yes/no) 1/6 2/26 0.55
CAD/CVD, % (n) 28.5% (2) 28.5% (8) 0.95
Retinopathy, % (n) 42.8% (3) 42.8% (12) 1
Neuropathy, % (n) 28.5% (2) 42.8% (12) 0.47
Nephropathy, % (n) 57.1% (4) 82.1% (23) 0.16
Transplant status, % (n) 14.3% (1) 4.3% (4) 1
Gastroparesis, % (n) 14.35% (1) 17.9% (5) 0.82
Hypertension, % (n) 57.1% (4) 50% (14) 0.87
Length of hospital stay (no. days) 10.6 (8.2) 7.3 (6.6) 0.27
C-reactive protein (mg/dL) 60.5 (36.3) 101.7 (94.6) 0.35
d-dimer (ng/mL) 1,525.5 (1,144.8) 1,670.8 (2,330.7) 0.86
Ferritin (ng/mL) 1,145.9 (1,377.4) 705.4 (833.7) 0.36
Fibrinogen (mg/dL) 451.2 (211.9) 482.8 (241.3) 0.95
Troponin T (ng/mL) 0.04 (0.07) 0.09 (0.14) 0.43
APTT (s) 32.7 (3.3) 32.0 (7.0) 0.88
PT (s) 14.3 (3.4) 15.7 (10.4) 0.58
Hemoglobin (g/dL) 10.6 (2.3) 10.9 (2.0) 0.78
Hematocrit (%) 33.0 (8.2) 33.7 (5.7) 0.69
White blood cell count (K/μL) 7.2 (4.1) 14.8 (32.7) 0.08
Lymphocytes (%) 18.1 (11.8) 13.5 (7.7) 0.19
Neutrophils (%) 71.0 (12.2) 77.0 (9.0) 0.24
Platelets (K/μL) 227.4 (112.1) 287.8 (145.1) 0.27
Creatinine (mg/dL) 2.2 (1.3) 2.1 (2.8) 0.96
Bicarbonate (mEq/L) 21.5 (7.0) 21.8 (4.3) 0.89
Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L) 47.3 (50) 41.8 (51.3) 0.8
Alanine aminotransferase (IU/L) 35.9 (29.9) 27.9 (28.4) 0.51
Composite outcome (ICU, intubation, or death), n (%) 2 (28.5%) 4 (14.3%) 0.37

Data are in units (SD) unless otherwise indicated. CAD, coronary artery disease; CSII, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion; CVD, cerebrovascular disease; MDI, multiple daily injections; PT, prothrombin time; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time. *Statisically significant.

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