TABLE 2.
Differences between testing sessions in velocity and power of the squat exercise.
| Variable and load | Testing session (mean ± standard deviation) |
p-value |
Mean difference (95% CI) |
Cohen’s d |
|||||
| First session (1) | Second session (2) | Third session (3) | 1 vs. 2 | 2 vs. 3 | 1 vs. 2 | 2 vs. 3 | 1 vs. 2 | 2 vs. 3 | |
| Peak velocity 30% 1RM (m/s) | 1.63 ± 0.19 | 1.64 ± 0.20 | 1.60 ± 0.19 | 0.610 | 0.014 | 0.02 (−0.04, 0.07) | −0.04 (−0.07, −0.01) | 0.08 | −0.22 |
| Mean velocity 30% 1RM (m/s) | 1.00 ± 0.13 | 0.99 ± 0.13 | 0.97 ± 0.13 | 0.882 | 0.018 | 0.00 (−0.04, 0.04) | −0.03 (−0.04, −0.01) | −0.02 | −0.20 |
| Peak power 30% 1RM (W) | 2299 ± 770 | 2353 ± 790 | 2235 ± 750 | 0.278 | 0.057 | 55 (−40, 150) | −118 (−231, 0) | 0.07 | −0.15 |
| Mean power 30% 1RM (W) | 1137 ± 360 | 1137 ± 360 | 1100 ± 348 | 0.993 | 0.008 | 0 (−38, 37) | −37 (−60, −13) | 0.00 | −0.10 |
| Peak velocity 45% 1RM (m/s) | 1.49 ± 0.18 | 1.49 ± 0.17 | 1.48 ± 0.15 | 0.814 | 0.648 | 0.00 (−0.03, 0.04) | −0.01 (−0.04, 0.03) | 0.03 | −0.05 |
| Mean velocity 45% 1RM (m/s) | 0.88 ± 0.12 | 0.87 ± 0.10 | 0.86 ± 0.10 | 0.406 | 0.797 | −0.01 (−0.04, 0.02) | 0.00 (−0.03, 0.02) | −0.11 | −0.03 |
| Peak power 45% 1RM (W) | 2433 ± 813 | 2436 ± 814 | 2412 ± 750 | 0.929 | 0.529 | −3 (−62, 68) | −24 (−97, 49) | 0.00 | −0.03 |
| Mean power 45% 1RM (W) | 1157 ± 384 | 1148 ± 376 | 1133 ± 353 | 0.501 | 0.351 | −9 (−36, 17) | −15 (−45, 15) | −0.02 | −0.04 |
| Peak velocity 60% 1RM (m/s) | 1.35 ± 0.13 | 1.33 ± 0.18 | 1.34 ± 0.16 | 0.362 | 0.672 | −0.02 (−0.06, 0.02) | 0.01 (−0.03, 0.05) | −0.12 | 0.06 |
| Mean velocity 60% 1RM (m/s) | 0.75 ± 0.10 | 0.74 ± 0.10 | 0.74 ± 0.10 | 0.541 | 0.767 | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | −0.06 | −0.03 |
| Peak power 60% 1RM (W) | 2451 ± 791 | 2400 ± 826 | 2414 ± 794 | 0.241 | 0.781 | −51 (−132, 31) | 14 (−83, 111) | −0.06 | 0.02 |
| Mean power 60% 1RM (W) | 1104 ± 360 | 1098 ± 368 | 1094 ± 360 | 0.730 | 0.806 | −6 (−38, 26) | −4 (−37, 28) | −0.02 | −0.01 |
| Peak velocity 75% 1RM (m/s) | 1.23 ± 0.13 | 1.19 ± 0.16 | 1.21 ± 0.15 | 0.017 | 0.246 | −0.05 (−0.08, −0.01) | 0.02 (−0.01, 0.05) | −0.32 | 0.13 |
| Mean velocity 75% 1RM (m/s) | 0.62 ± 0.08 | 0.61 ± 0.08 | 0.61 ± 0.10 | 0.618 | 1.000 | −0.01 (−0.02, 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | −0.06 | 0.00 |
| Peak power 75% 1RM (W) | 2469 ± 798 | 2334 ± 814 | 2398 ± 790 | 0.003 | 0.174 | −135 (−208, −62) | 64 (−24, 153) | −0.17 | 0.08 |
| Mean power 75% 1RM (W) | 1013 ± 333 | 996 ± 327 | 1007 ± 345 | 0.326 | 0.611 | −17 (−51, 16) | 11 (−30, 52) | −0.05 | 0.03 |
| Peak velocity 90% 1RM (m/s) | 1.15 ± 0.18 | 1.14 ± 0.14 | 1.11 ± 0.16 | 0.593 | 0.181 | −0.01 (−0.06, 0.03) | −0.03 (−0.07, 0.01) | −0.08 | −0.20 |
| Mean velocity 90% 1RM (m/s) | 0.51 ± 0.08 | 0.53 ± 0.08 | 0.51 ± 0.10 | 0.285 | 0.059 | 0.02 (−0.01, 0.04) | −0.02 (−0.04, 0.00) | 0.18 | −0.25 |
| Peak power 90% 1RM (W) | 2500 ± 906 | 2431 ± 830 | 2350 ± 797 | 0.285 | 0.182 | −69 (−190, 53) | −82 (−196, 33) | −0.08 | −0.10 |
| Mean power 90% 1RM (W) | 931 ± 320 | 957 ± 322 | 918 ± 317 | 0.363 | 0.085 | 26 (−28, 80) | −38 (−79, 2) | 0.08 | −0.12 |
1RM: one-repetition maximum; p-value: probability of type I error from repeated measures univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA); CI: confidence interval.