SCHEME 1.

Schematic representation of PRADA. Antibody‐conjugated magnetic beads are incubated with the antigens in the human serum to capture the biomarkers. Raman tags labeled GNSs “antenna” detection probes with peptide BREs then form a sandwich immunocomplex, followed by excitation with 785 nm laser to enable SERS‐based detection. BREs, biorecognition elements; GNSs, gold nanostars; PRADA, portable reusable accurate diagnostics with nanostar antennas; SERS, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy