Table 7.

Summary comparison of developmental impacts in larvae with exposure to a legacy AFFF mixture and PFOS alone.

	AFFF (%)		PFOS ($\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)
	$2.20\times {10}^{-4}$	$4.40\times {10}^{-4}$	16	32
	($0.69\mathrm{mg}/\mathrm{L}$ PFOS)	($1.38\mathrm{mg}/\mathrm{L}$ PFOS)	($8\mathrm{mg}/\mathrm{L}$)	($16\mathrm{mg}/\mathrm{L}$)
Liver length	Decrease	Decrease	—	—
Beta cell islet area	—	—	—	Decrease
Beta cell aberrant morphology	—	—	—	—
Exocrine pancreas length	—	—	—	Decrease
Stunted exocrine pancreas morphology	—	Increase	NT	NT

Note: All AFFF data and PFOS liver data are from the present study. PFOS pancreatic data are summarized from Sant et al. 2017, 2019. —, no effect; AFFF, aqueous film-forming foam; NT, not tested; PFOS, perfluorooctanesulfonic acid.