Table 1. Characteristics of study sample at baseline, stratified by study sample group.
| MB-BP Study (n = 48) | Qualitative Sub-Study (Includes FGD and IDI Samples; n = 26) | FGD-Only Sample (n = 19) | IDI-Only Sample (n = 7) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Point Estimate | Point Estimate | P§ | Point Estimate | Point Estimate |
| Age, y | 60.0 | 61.5 | 0.85 | 62.4 | 59.1 |
| Race, % White | 95.8 | 92.3 | 0.51 | 94.7 | 85.7 |
| Gender, % women | 60.4 | 61.5 | 1 | 63.2 | 57.1 |
| Education, % college education | 91.7 | 92.3 | 1 | 89.5 | 100 |
| Hypertension Status | |||||
| Uncontrolled stage 2 hypertension,* % | 47.9 | 46.2 | 0.83 | 36.8 | 71.4 |
| Stage 1 hypertension, % | 33.3 | 34.6 | 36.8 | 28.6 | |
| Elevated blood pressure, % | 18.8 | 19.2 | 26.3 | 0.0 | |
| Taking antihypertensive medication, % | 60.4 | 53.9 | 0.93 | 52.6 | 57.1 |
| Body Mass Index, kg/m2 | 28.5 | 28.0 | 0.78 | 28.6 | 26.5 |
| DASH Diet Score | 3.27 | 3.38 | 0.93 | 3.39 | 3.36 |
| Aerobic Physical Activity, % adhering to AHA physical activity guidelines† | 69.0 | 62.0 | 0.81 | 58.0 | 71.0 |
| Daily Alcohol Consumption, mean number of drinks per day | 0.65 | 0.32 | 0.11 | 0.25 | 0.51 |
| Perceived Stress Scale score | 22.7 | 22.8 | 0.99 | 22.5 | 23.4 |
| Antihypertensive medication use,% ‡ | 60.4 | 56.0 | 0.96 | 55.6 | 57.1 |
Stage 2 hypertension: SBP≥140 or DBP≥90 mmHg; Stage 1 hypertension: 130≤SBP<140 or 80≤DBP<90 mmHg; Elevated blood pressure: 120≤SBP<130 mmHg and DBP<80 mmHg.
MB-BP, Mindfulness-Based Blood Pressure Reduction; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; FDG, focus group discussion; IDI, in-depth interviews.
* "uncontrolled" stage 2 hypertension reflects participants with SBP≥140 or DBP≥90 mmHg at baseline. Participants stage 1 hypertension or elevated blood pressure categories may have been in stage 2 hypertension in the past, but are currently controlled in elevated, or stage 1, hypertension due to antihypertensive medication or nonpharmacologic interventions.
† AHA guidelines, consistent with Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity, are engaging in 30 minutes or more per day of moderate physical activities 5 or more days per week, or 20 minutes or more per day of vigorous physical activities 3 or more days per week
‡ Percentage using any antihypertensive medication use at baseline determined by prescription data. N = 1 observation was missing this data.
§ P values compare the qualitative sub-sample with the trial sample not participating in either IDIs or FGDs and were calculated using ANOVA for continuous variables and the Fisher exact test for categorical variables.