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. 2020 Sep 10;11:2138. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02138

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Copyright © 2020 Yan, Jiang, Gu, Feng, Zhang, Lv and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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GC-MS-based fecal metabolome profiles distinguish SLE patients from HCs. (A) Score plots based on OPLS-DA illustrated that the metabolic profiles of SLE patients and HCs were clearly separated. (B) Statistical validation of the OPLS-DA model by permutation test. (C) The VIP values of those metabolites have important contributions to distinguishing between SLE patients and HCs. (D) 2-Aminoalonic acid and glycolic acid were selected as potential biomarkers based on the S-plot. SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; HCs, healthy controls; OPLS-DA, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis; VIP, variable importance in the projection.