Table 2.
Associations between baseline characteristics and C_Scores.
| Characteristic | WL | WL + EX | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C_IS (r) | C_CMR (r) | C_IS (r) | C_CMR (r) | |
| Age | −0.36 | −0.09 | 0.22 | 0.11 |
| Body composition | ||||
| Weight | −0.27 | −0.32 | −0.16 | −0.19 |
| Body mass index | −0.23 | −0.33 | 0.00 | 0.04 |
| Waist circumference | −0.37 | −0.27 | −0.07 | 0.10 |
| Abdominal AT | −0.04 | −0.16 | −0.15 | −0.26 |
| Abdominal subcutaneous AT | 0.12 | −0.69 | −0.28 | −0.13 |
| Abdominal visceral AT | −0.12 | 0.48 | 0.08 | −0.30 |
| Thigh intermuscular AT | −0.33 | 0.51 | 0.66 | 0.04 |
| Clinical measurements | ||||
| SBP | 0.25 | 0.33 | −0.22 | −0.25 |
| DBP | 0.14 | 0.16 | −0.50 | −0.39 |
| Insulin | 0.58* | −0.21 | 0.41 | −0.06 |
| Glucose | 0.26 | 0.55* | 0.10 | 0.36 |
| HbA1C | −0.17 | −0.25 | 0.56 | 0.37 |
| HOMA-IR | 0.57* | −0.14 | 0.31 | −0.09 |
| Triglycerides | 0.33 | 0.53* | 0.23 | 0.59* |
| Cholesterol | 0.46 | 0.15 | −0.13 | 0.15 |
| LDL-Cholesterol | 0.45 | 0.06 | −0.19 | −0.07 |
| HDL-Cholesterol | −0.07 | −0.27 | 0.03 | 0.16 |
| VLDL-Cholesterol | 0.33 | 0.53* | 0.22 | 0.59* |
| Plasma free fatty acids | 0.78* | 0.08 | 0.18 | 0.07 |
| Aerobic fitness | ||||
| VO2max (l/min) | 0.16 | 0.09 | −0.08 | −0.30 |
| VO2max (ml/kgFFM/min) | 0.19 | 0.25 | 0.10 | −0.06 |
| ATPmax | −0.33 | −0.30 | −0.14 | 0.22 |
| One-step clamp (Values during steady state) | ||||
| GIR/I | −0.50 | −0.15 | −0.44 | 0.06 |
| Suppression of FFA | −0.02 | 0.05 | 0.22 | −0.29 |
| Suppression of EGP | −0.04 | 0.41 | 0.32 | 0.44 |
| Rate of glucose disposal | –0.59* | −0.04 | –0.60* | −0.06 |
| Skeletal muscle fiber type | ||||
| Type I fiber proportion | −0.28 | 0.29 | −0.52 | 0.01 |
| Type IIA fiber proportion | −0.03 | −0.11 | −0.07 | 0.32 |
| Type IIA/IIX fiber proportion | 0.44 | −0.24 | −0.04 | −0.18 |
| Type IIX fiber proportion | 0.15 | −0.12 | 0.64 | −0.11 |
| Type I CSA | 0.17 | 0.35 | 0.64 | 0.18 |
| Type IIA CSA | −0.01 | 0.16 | 0.50 | −0.15 |
| Type IIA/IIX CSA | −0.42 | 0.15 | 0.40 | −0.10 |
| Type IIX CSA | 0.02 | 0.27 | 0.33 | −0.21 |
| Capillary density | 0.24 | 0.43 | −0.38 | −0.08 |
AT, adipose tissue; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; TG, triglycerides; LDL, low-density lipoproteins; HDL, high-density lipoproteins; VLDL, very low-density lipoproteins; FFA, free fatty acids; GIR/I, Glucose Infusion Rate/Steady State Insulin; EGP, endogenous glucose production; CSA, cross-sectional area; WL, weight loss; WLEX, weight loss with exercise; C_IS, insulin sensitivity composite score; C_CMR, cardiometabolic risk composite score.
*
Bold indicates significant association between baseline characteristic value and C_Score at p < 0.05.