Table 2.
Univariable associations between potential risk factors and incident dementia in the total sample (n = 1,846), and stratified by age.
| Total sample | 65–74 years | ≥75 years | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI* | OR | 95% CI* | OR | 95% CI* | |
| Age | ||||||
| 65–74 years | 1 | |||||
| ≥75 years | 2.87 | 2.05–4.02 | ||||
| Sex | ||||||
| Women | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Men | 0.85 | 0.59–1.21 | 0.88 | 0.50–1.54 | 0.83 | 0.53–1.32 |
| Education | ||||||
| Tertiary | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Secondary | 1.62 | 0.88–2.99 | 2.10 | 0.87–5.07 | 1.18 | 0.50–2.78 |
| None/primary | 1.85 | 1.05–3.27 | 2.57 | 1.12–5.88 | 1.30 | 0.59–2.83 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married/cohabiting | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Widowed/divorced/separated | 1.70 | 1.16–2.48 | 1.79 | 1.00–3.19 | 1.63 | 0.99–2.69 |
| Never married | 1.13 | 0.60–2.15 | 1.62 | 0.64–4.10 | 0.84 | 0.35–2.03 |
| Occupational class | ||||||
| Professional (1–3) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Trade (4,5) | 1.48 | 0.88–2.50 | 1.43 | 0.63–3.23 | 1.55 | 0.77–3.11 |
| Skilled laborer (6,7) | 1.26 | 0.79–2.00 | 1.41 | 0.69–2.88 | 1.19 | 0.65–2.18 |
| Laborer (8,9) | 0.98 | 0.56–1.69 | 0.85 | 0.34–2.15 | 1.06 | 0.53–2.12 |
| Hypertension | 1.25 | 0.89–1.74 | 1.30 | 0.77–2.22 | 1.21 | 0.79–1.86 |
| Obesity | 0.62 | 0.44–0.89 | 0.56 | 0.32–0.99 | 0.67 | 0.42–1.05 |
| Total cholesterol | 0.98 | 0.67–1.43 | 1.23 | 0.69–2.18 | 0.83 | 0.50–1.37 |
| LDL cholesterol | 1.31 | 0.86–1.97 | 1.64 | 0.91–2.95 | 1.09 | 0.62–1.92 |
| Diabetes | 0.91 | 0.59–1.40 | 1.24 | 0.67–2.32 | 0.71 | 0.38–1.29 |
| Head Trauma | 0.96 | 0.45–2.04 | 0.87 | 0.26–2.86 | 1.03 | 0.39–2.74 |
| Stroke | 2.16 | 1.23–3.79 | 3.38 | 1.51–7.61 | 1.55 | 0.72–3.35 |
| Ischemic heart problems | 0.70 | 0.42–1.17 | 0.22 | 0.05–0.90 | 1.00 | 0.56–1.79 |
| Depression | 1.49 | 1.06–2.09 | 1.90 | 1.11–3.27 | 1.27 | 0.81–1.98 |
| Hearing problem | 1.32 | 0.80–2.16 | 0.98 | 0.30–3.26 | 1.41 | 0.81–2.44 |
| Eye problem | 1.39 | 0.99–1.95 | 1.02 | 0.56–1.86 | 1.64 | 1.08–2.50 |
| Current high–risk alcohol use | 2.24 | 0.96–5.26 | 2.53 | 0.91–7.00 | 1.71 | 0.34–8.54 |
| Past high–risk alcohol use | 1.60 | 0.83–3.07 | 2.17 | 0.92–5.10 | 1.11 | 0.40–3.07 |
| Smoking status | 1.29 | 0.83–2.01 | 0.77 | 0.40–1.50 | 2.17 | 1.19–3.96 |
| Physical activity | ||||||
| Highly active | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Somewhat active | 1.76 | 1.11–2.77 | 2.80 | 1.33–5.92 | 1.26 | 0.70–2.26 |
| Not (very) active | 2.47 | 1.52–4.01 | 2.77 | 1.20–6.42 | 2.17 | 1.19–3.95 |
| Never eating fish | 1.77 | 1.09–2.87 | 1.01 | 0.39–2.59 | 2.30 | 1.27–4.15 |
| Never/some days eating meat | 0.94 | 0.67–1.32 | 0.84 | 0.48–1.46 | 1.01 | 0.66–1.56 |
| Fruit & vegetable servings | ||||||
| 9 or more in last 3 days | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 4–8 in last 3 days | 1.34 | 0.78–2.30 | 1.80 | 0.72–4.54 | 1.10 | 0.56–2.17 |
| 3 or fewer in last 3 days | 2.16 | 1.28–3.62 | 2.88 | 1.19–7.00 | 1.77 | 0.92–3.39 |
| Sleep complaints | 0.74 | 0.52–1.05 | 0.70 | 0.39–1.26 | 0.75 | 0.48–1.18 |
| Family history | 1.53 | 1.03–2.26 | 1.67 | 0.92–3.03 | 1.41 | 0.83–2.37 |
OR odd ratio; 95%CI 95% confidence interval.
*
Associations were adjusted for sex and education.