Table 2.
The chemical modulators of BRG1. This list summarizes the current research on the chemical modulators of BRG1. BRG1: Brahma-related gene-1; BRM: Brahma; CDK: cyclin-dependent kinase; ENT: entinostat; HO-1: heme oxygenase 1; H/R: hypoxia/reoxygenation; IsoPostC: isoflurane postconditioning; NAC: N-acetylcysteine; Nrf2: nuclear factor E2-related factor 2; PPC: propofol postconditioning; SPostC: sevoflurane postconditioning; STAT3: signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; SWI/SNF: switch/sucrose nonfermentable.
| Modulators | Known actions | Ref. |
|---|---|---|
| Chemicals | ||
| 17β-estradiol | 17β-estradiol antagonizes both the expression and activity of BRG1/BRM. | [58] |
| Adiponectin | Adiponectin promotes HO-1 induction by simultaneously activating Nrf2 and BRG1 to reduce cardiac oxidative stress, improve cardiac hypertrophy, and prevent left ventricular dysfunction in diabetic patients. | [39] |
| β-Adrenergic agonist | In vitro stimulation of myocardial cells with angiotensin II or a β-adrenergic agonist results in increased BRG1 expression. | [116] |
| CDK inhibitors | CDK9 inhibition dephosphorylates the SWI/SNF protein BRG1, which contributes to gene reactivation. | [127] |
| Darinaparsin | Darinaparsin inhibits HO-1 transcription by causing BRG1 phosphorylation through G2/M cell cycle arrest. | [33] |
| ENT | At the protein level, ENT reduces BRG1 protein abundance in Rh30 and U23674 cells, notably to an undetected level. | [128] |
| IsoPostC | Emulsified IsoPostC protects the heart through BRG1/Nrf2/STAT3 signaling. | [38] |
| NAC | The enhanced expression of BRG1 may be a new mechanism by which antioxidant NAC provides cardiac protection. | [36] |
| Oridonin | Oridonin inhibits proliferation of Jurkat cells via the downregulation of BRG1. | [129] |
| PFI-3 | PFI-3 is a highly potent, selective, and cell-permeable inhibitor for the BRG1/BRM. | [130, 131] |
| Phosphoaminoglycosides | Preparations of phosphoaminoglycosides were identified as inhibitors of the in vitro activities of three SWI2/SNF2 family members. | [132] |
| PPC | PPC provides protection to H/R-induced L02 cells by activating Nrf2 and BRG1. | [41] |
| Propofol | Propofol alleviates oxidative stress in anoxia/reoxygenated hepatocytes by upregulating lncrna-TUG1/BRG1 pathway. | [40] |
| Rosiglitazone | The expression of BRG1 was significantly increased in cardiac remodeling heart, and the change can be reversed by rosiglitazone. | [124] |
| SPostC | SPostC prevents hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte damage and oxidative stress by activating Nrf2/BRG1/HO-1 signaling. | [37] |
| Tetrandrine | Tetrandrine upregulated BRG1 expression in a dose- and time-dependent pattern in Hep-2 cells. | [133] |