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Water contact angle vs. the number of laser pulses showing an increment of surface hydrophobicity at higher laser fluence: (a) water contact angle vs. the number of laser pulses; (b) time gradient of water contact angle at different time intervals. An identical slope points to a uniform surface response at different fluence, indicating that chemical changes are saturated after a few laser pulses due to the low penetrating depth of the laser radiation at 157 nm.
