Table 1.
Participant characteristics at baseline in the Korean CODA cohort (n = 457)
| All (n = 457) | Non-COPD (n = 161) |
COPD (n = 296) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||
| Male | 335 (73.3) | 97 (60.2) | 238 (80.4) |
| Female | 122 (26.7) | 64 (39.8) | 58 (19.6) |
| Age | 71.7 ± 7.3 | 70.8 ± 7.7 | 72.2 ± 7.1 |
| 44 ~ 59 yr | 29 (6.3) | 15 (9.3) | 14 (4.7) |
| 60 ~ 69 yr | 113 (24.7) | 42 (26.1) | 71 (24.0) |
| 70 ~ 79 yr | 260 (56.9) | 91 (56.5) | 169 (57.1) |
| 80 ~ 96 yr | 55 (12.0) | 13 (8.1) | 42 (14.2) |
| Education | |||
| < Elementary school | 143 (32.0) | 43 (27.7) | 100 (34.2) |
| Elementary school | 169 (37.8) | 67 (43.2) | 102 (34.9) |
| Middle school | 65 (14.5) | 23 (14.8) | 42 (14.4) |
| ≥ High school | 70 (15.7) | 22 (14.2) | 48 (16.4) |
| Income (x104won) | |||
| ≤ 49 | 280 (63.9) | 95 (62.5) | 185 (64.7) |
| 50–99 | 70 (16.0) | 22 (14.5) | 48 (16.8) |
| ≥ 100 | 88 (20.1) | 35 (23.0) | 53 (18.5) |
| Job | |||
| Cement factory | 170 (37.2) | 55 (34.2) | 115 (38.9) |
| farmer | 149 (32.6) | 62 (37.9) | 87 (29.3) |
| Others | 138 (30.2) | 44 (27.3) | 94 (31.8) |
| Smoking | |||
| Never-smoker | 165 (36.1) | 87 (54.0) | 78 (26.4) |
| Former-smoker | 194 (42.5) | 52 (32.3) | 142 (48.0) |
| Current-smoker | 98 (21.4) | 22 (13.7) | 76 (25.7) |
| Pack-years | 17.6 ± 23.4 | 12.0 ± 18.5 | 20.6 ± 25.2 |
| Height (cm) | 159.4 ± 9.3 | 157.8 ± 10.3 | 160.3 ± 8.6 |
| Weight (kg) | 59.7 ± 10.4 | 60.0 ± 10.6 | 59.6 ± 10.3 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.5 ± 3.2 | 24.0 ± 3.3 | 23.2 ± 3.2 |
| < 23.0 | 207 (45.3) | 64 (39.8) | 143 (48.3) |
| 23.0 ~ 24.9 | 106 (23.2) | 40 (24.8) | 66 (22.3) |
| ≥ 25.0 | 144 (31.5) | 57 (35.4) | 87 (29.4) |
| History of COPD medications | |||
| No | 362 (79.2) | 149 (92.5) | 213 (72.0) |
| Yes | 95 (20.8) | 12 (7.5) | 83 (28.0) |
| Asthma, history of disease | |||
| No | 376 (83.9) | 136 (87.7) | 240 (81.9) |
| Yes | 72 (16.1) | 19 (12.3) | 53 (18.1) |
| Pulmonary outcome at baseline visit, Post BDR | |||
| FVC, L | 3.02 ± 0.81 | 2.88 ± 0.80 | 3.10 ± 0.81 |
| FVC, % predicted | 97.8 ± 19.1 | 96.9 ± 18.9 | 98.3 ± 19.3 |
| FEV1, L | 1.96 ± 0.60 | 2.19 ± 0.61 | 1.84 ± 0.56 |
| FEV1, % predicted | 87.3 ± 22.5 | 100.7 ± 21.1 | 80.0 ± 19.7 |
| FEV1/FVC | 0.65 ± 0.11 | 0.76 ± 0.05 | 0.59 ± 0.08 |
| Emphysema index, n = 414 | 6.36 ± 6.66 | 3.35 ± 3.60 | 7.64 ± 7.23 |
| Wall area %, n = 414 | 68.8 ± 5.2 | 67.5 ± 5.4 | 69.3 ± 5.0 |
Data are mean ± SD for continuous variables and n(%) for categorical variables