Table 4.

Linear mixed models (LMMs) on the mediation of self-esteem and mastery in the association between visual acuity and depression

			Crude model			Adjusted model +
			β	SE	p	β	SE	p
Depression
Total effect	c	Visual acuity	0.341	0.059	0.000	0.235	0.060	0.000
a-path	a	Visual acuity	−0.215	0.062	0.001	−0.166	0.063	0.008
Direct effect	c’	Visual acuity	0.271	0.060	0.000	0.164	0.061	0.007
	b	Self-esteem	−0.355	0.0128	0.000	−0.336	0.0128	0.000
Depression
Total effect	c	Visual acuity	0.341	0.059	0.000	0.235	0.060	0.000
a-path	a	Visual acuity	−0.600	0.067	0.000	−0.458	0.063	0.000
Direct effect	c’	Visual acuity	0.124	0.059	0.032	0.054	0.060	0.366
	b	Mastery	−0.388	0.013	0.000	−0.366	0.013	0.000

β-estimates printed in boldface when significant at the p < 0.05 level

⁺ Adjusted for gender, age and number of comorbid chronic disorders