Scheme 1. Schematic Illustration of Theranostic Functions of the Developed Multifunctional CMGCC Nanocluster, Composed of Catalase-Stabilized MnO₂ Nanoparticles Incorporated into Ce6-Conjugated Glycol Chitosan Micelles.

The synergistic therapy process includes the following: (1) GC polymer imparts the system with a neutral surface charge at physiological conditions for prolonged circulation time and a positive surface charge switch within the tumor microenvironment for improved tumor accumulation; (2) CAT can catalyze the conversion of endogenous H₂O₂ to generate O₂ to alleviate tumor hypoxia for production of highly toxic ¹O₂; (3) MnO₂ can react with intracellular glutathione (GSH) to decrease the GSH-induced ¹O₂ reduction and simultaneously produce Mn²⁺ ions for T₁-weighted MR imaging.