Table 2.

The detection of lipid species as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of prostate cancer

Group	Lipid species	P value	Fold-change	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV	ROC Area
Cancer vs. BPH	LPE (20:0)	0.034	− 1.81	80.0%	44.7%	53.3%	73.9%	0.543
	PA (38:3)	0.018	−2.34	73.3%	55.3%	56.4%	72.4%	0.643
	PS (34:2)	0.009	−2.26	80.0%	57.9%	60%	78.6%	0.689
	PC (44:5)	0.014	−2.21	83.3%	50.0%	56.8%	79.2%	0.624
	PC (44:2)	0.004	−1.79	43.3%	89.5%	76.5%	66.7%	0.686
	Combination of 5 lipids	–	–	73.3%	81.6%	75.9%	79.5%	0.800
Cancer vs. Control	PE (32:2)	0.009	2.29	43.3%	84.8%	65%	69.6%	0.653
	PA (36:3)	0.007	−3.60	86.7%	47.8%	52%	84.6%	0.672
	PS (34:2)	0.002	2.91	80%	60.9%	57.1%	82.4%	0.704
	PE (40:3)	0.042	−1.43	23.3%	89.1%	58.3%	64.1%	0.628
	PC (44:2)	0.017	−1.72	40%	87%	66.7%	69.0%	0.661
	Combination of 5 lipids	–	–	76.7%	80.4%	71.9%	84.1%	0.836
Cancer vs. Non-cancer	PA (36:3)	0.011	−3.45	76.7%	44%	32.9%	84.1%	0.646
	PS (34:2)	0.001	−2.62	76.7%	59.5%	40.4%	87.7%	0.633
	PE (32:2)	0.010	2.04	30%	92.9%	60%	78.8%	0.614
	LPE (20:0)	0.021	−1.79	70.0%	41.7%	30.0%	79.5%	0.578
	PC (44:5)	0.021	−2.19	86.7%	39.3%	33.8%	89.2%	0.613
	PC (44:2)	0.001	−1.75	3.3%	94%	16.7%	78.8%	0.661
	Combination of 6 lipids	–	–	73.3%	82.1%	59.5%	89.6%	0.837

BPH benign prostatic hyperplasia, PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value, ROC receiver operating characteristic curve