FIGURE 3.

Stenotic aortic valves have greater protein expression of Wnt-signaling mediators compared to healthy valves. (A) Representative Western blot of DVL2, GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β, and of β-catenin protein expression in AVS patients compared to healthy patients. Densitometry analysis of DVL2 (B), GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β (C), and of β-catenin (D) protein expression. The data are represented as mean ± SEM. Significance level was set at P < 0.05. *P < 0.05 compared to control groups; n = 6 for AVS samples and n = 3 for normal samples. Students t-test was used for statistical analysis. AVS, aortic valve stenosis.