Table 2.
Medication administration by year.
| Annual totals | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 2018 | P-value | ||||
|
|
|
|||||
| Total EMS calls | 677,364 | 673,561 | ||||
| Total administrations | 10,809 | 11,502 | <0.001 | |||
| Opiates | 10,809 (100%, 95% CI, 99.96–100) | 10,424 (90.63%, 95% CI, 90.08–91.15) | 0.002 | |||
| Non-opiates | N/A | 1,078 | N/A | |||
|
| ||||||
| Medication Administration Demographics 2018 | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Opiate§, n | Non-opiate*, n | OR | T | Δ mean (95% CI) | P-value | |
|
|
||||||
| Female | 5,352 | 619 | 0.781, 95% CI 0.688–0.887 | < 0.001 | ||
| Male | 5,027 | 454 | ||||
| Mean age (SD) | 54.01 (22.34) | 55.31 (21.31) | T= 1.90 | 0.058 | ||
| Mean transport time (minutes, SD) | 36.98 (20.33) | 29.35 (29.35) | −7.631 (−8.494,−6.768) | < 0.001 | ||
| Mean initial SBP (mm Hg, SD) | 143.75 (26.55) | 29.35 (29.35) | −1.930 (0.201,3.659) | 0.029 | ||
| Mean initial HR, bpm (SD) | 88.38 (19.42) | 86.64 (18.49) | 1.808 (−3.004,−0.613) | 0.003 | ||
§
Opiate category includes morphine and fentanyl.
*
Non-opiate category includes ibuprofen, acetaminophen and ketorolac.
EMS, emergency medical services; OR, odds ratio; SD, standard deviation; SBP, systolic blood pressure; mm hg, millimeters of mercury; HR, heart rate; bpm, beats per minute; CI, confidence interval.