Figure 3.

Root-mean-square error (RMSE) between the visual onset detection and automatic onset detections. Fixed sample entropy (fSE) was estimated over both the EMGdi signal (fSE-EMGdi) and filtered EMGdi signal using an LMS-based adaptive algorithm (fSE-EMGdi-LMS). fSE was calculated for different settings: m = 1 and 2, and tolerance values r = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 × standard deviation of EMGdi free of electrocardiographic interference, and overlapping sliding windows of 0.25, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 s. Each RMSE represents the geometric mean of obtained values for the 9 analyzed patients.