Table 4.

NPCR test for the cryptogram of Lena image $512\times 512\times 3$ pixels using 1 processor and Tinkerbell map [73], and comparison versus other related work.

Cryptogram Size		Critical NPCR Values [88]
$512\times 512\times 3$		${\mathit{N}}_{\mathbf{0.05}}$ = 99.5893%,	${\mathit{N}}_{\mathbf{0.01}}$ = 99.5810%,	${\mathit{N}}_{\mathbf{0.001}}$ = 99.5717%,
Chaotic Map	Average NPCR (%)	NPCR Test Result
Proposed Tinkerbell [73]	99.6029	Passed	Passed	Passed
Related work
Logistic 1D [25]	99.6100	Passed	Passed	Passed
PELM [36]	99.5774	Failed	Failed	Passed
Multi-modal [34]	99.0000	Failed	Failed	Failed
Tent map [32]	99.6300	Passed	Passed	Passed
Novel 3D [4]	99.6100	Passed	Passed	Passed
Chen [11]	99.8031	Passed	Passed	Passed
5D Hyperchaotic [77]	99.6122	Passed	Passed	Passed
Logistic 1D [59]	99.6100	Passed	Passed	Passed